CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨妊娠期膳食因素在妊娠期高血压疾病（ HDCP）发生中的作用，为制定有效的膳食营养干预措施提供科学依据。方法选择2010年5月—2012年5月甘肃省妇幼保健院产科病房诊断为HDCP的妊娠妇女204例为研究组，另选择同期本院收治的正常妊娠妇女204例作为对照组。采用食物频率法进行膳食调查，询问调查对象妊娠期食物摄入种类及频率，包括粮谷类、肉禽鱼类、蛋类、奶类、豆类、蔬菜水果类、干果类和咸菜泡菜类。将各类食物摄入频率分为5个等级：每日吃（≥7次/周）、每周吃3～6次、每周吃1～2次、每月吃2～3次、几乎不吃（≤1次/月），依次评为4、3、2、1、0分。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析影响HDCP发生的膳食因素。结果 <br>　　两组粮谷类和蔬菜水果类评分比较，差异均无统计学意义（ P>0.05）；研究组肉禽鱼类、蛋类、奶类、豆类、干果类评分均低于对照组，咸菜泡菜类评分高于对照组（ P<0.05）。以是否患有HDCP为因变量，以粮谷类、肉禽鱼类、蛋类、奶类、豆类、蔬菜水果类、干果类和咸菜泡菜类分别作为自变量进行单因素Logistic回归分析，结果显示，摄入肉禽鱼类、蛋类、奶类、豆类、干果类、咸菜泡菜类是HDCP发生的影响因素（ P<0.05），其中危险因素为咸菜泡菜类，保护因素为肉禽鱼类、蛋类、奶类、豆类、干果类。以是否患有HDCP为因变量，以单因素分析中有统计学意义的变量为自变量，进行多因素Logistic回归分析，结果显示，咸菜泡菜类、蛋类、奶类是HDCP发生的影响因素（ P<0.05），其中咸菜泡菜类为危险因素，蛋类、奶类为保护因素。结论妊娠期摄入咸菜泡菜类食品会增加妊娠妇女发生HDCP的风险，而多食蛋类、奶类可有效预防或减少HDCP的发生。
목적탐토임신기선식인소재임신기고혈압질병（ HDCP）발생중적작용，위제정유효적선식영양간예조시제공과학의거。방법선택2010년5월—2012년5월감숙성부유보건원산과병방진단위HDCP적임신부녀204례위연구조，령선택동기본원수치적정상임신부녀204례작위대조조。채용식물빈솔법진행선식조사，순문조사대상임신기식물섭입충류급빈솔，포괄량곡류、육금어류、단류、내류、두류、소채수과류、간과류화함채포채류。장각류식물섭입빈솔분위5개등급：매일흘（≥7차/주）、매주흘3～6차、매주흘1～2차、매월흘2～3차、궤호불흘（≤1차/월），의차평위4、3、2、1、0분。채용단인소급다인소Logistic회귀분석영향HDCP발생적선식인소。결과 <br>　　량조량곡류화소채수과류평분비교，차이균무통계학의의（ P>0.05）；연구조육금어류、단류、내류、두류、간과류평분균저우대조조，함채포채류평분고우대조조（ P<0.05）。이시부환유HDCP위인변량，이량곡류、육금어류、단류、내류、두류、소채수과류、간과류화함채포채류분별작위자변량진행단인소Logistic회귀분석，결과현시，섭입육금어류、단류、내류、두류、간과류、함채포채류시HDCP발생적영향인소（ P<0.05），기중위험인소위함채포채류，보호인소위육금어류、단류、내류、두류、간과류。이시부환유HDCP위인변량，이단인소분석중유통계학의의적변량위자변량，진행다인소Logistic회귀분석，결과현시，함채포채류、단류、내류시HDCP발생적영향인소（ P<0.05），기중함채포채류위위험인소，단류、내류위보호인소。결론임신기섭입함채포채류식품회증가임신부녀발생HDCP적풍험，이다식단류、내류가유효예방혹감소HDCP적발생。
Objective To explore the role of dietary factors in development of hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy( HDCP),to provide a scientific basis for effective dietary nutritional interventions. Methods From May 2010 to May 2012,in Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital,204 pregnant women with HDCP were enrolled as study group,204 normal pregnant women as control group. This study used food frequency method to perform the investigation, inquiring the kinds and frequency of their food intake, including cereals, meat/poultry/fish, eggs, milk, beans, fruits/vegetables,nuts,pickles. The frequencies of food were divided into levels A(everyday intake,≥7 times/week,scored 4), B(weekly intake,3-6 times/week,scored 3),C(weekly intake,1-2 times/week,scored 2),D(monthly intake,2-3 times/month, scored 1 ), E ( intake seldom or never,≤1 time/month, scored 0 ). This study used univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis to analyze the dietary factors influencing HDCP development. Results There was no significant difference in scores of cereals,fruits/vegetables between 2 groups(P >0. 05). The scores of meat/poultry/fish, eggs,milk,beans,nuts were lower,those of pickles higher in study group than in control group(P<0. 05). Taking HDCP suffering as dependent variable, and cereals, meat/poultry/fish, eggs, milk, beans, fruits/vegetables, nuts, pickles as independent variables,the univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that intakes of meat/poultry/fish,eggs,milk,beans, nuts,pickles were related to HDCP ( P <0. 05 ), thereinto the risk factor was pickles, the protective factors were cereals, meat/poultry/fish,eggs,milk,beans,nuts. Taking HDCP suffering as dependent variable and the significant independent variables in univariate analysis as independent variables,Logistic regression analysis showed that pickles,eggs and milk were related to HDCP(P<0. 05),thereinto pickles was risk factor,eggs and milk were protective factors. Conclusion Intake of pickles would increase the risk of HDCP,while intake of eggs and milk prevent or reduce HDCP incidence effectively.