CAJ | 학술논문

遗体组织捐献利用的制度困境包含遗体组织法律性质之界定、捐献利用利益主体之衡平、规制法律体系之构建三个方面。在遗体组织法律性质的界定上，必须以严谨准确的为学界公认的“脱离说”进行限缩，即明确界定出遗体组织被视为物的构成要件，只有在完全符合构成要件的情况下，遗体组织之占有、使用、收益和处分四大权能方能完全类比物权法之规定。在捐献利用利益主体之衡平上，应当确定自然人意思自治优先的最高顺位，在此前提下对不同利益主体进行比例式衡平，相应地推进行业自治，以格式合同、示范性合同文本、捐献利用情况的集中公示等工作确保遗体组织捐献利用事业的程式化、规范化和透明化，从而保证各方利益主体的均等博弈。在规制法律体系的构建上，以政府公共责任、有效的行业自治和必要的社会监督组成体系化的审慎规制法律结构。
유체조직연헌이용적제도곤경포함유체조직법률성질지계정、연헌이용이익주체지형평、규제법률체계지구건삼개방면。재유체조직법률성질적계정상，필수이엄근준학적위학계공인적“탈리설”진행한축，즉명학계정출유체조직피시위물적구성요건，지유재완전부합구성요건적정황하，유체조직지점유、사용、수익화처분사대권능방능완전류비물권법지규정。재연헌이용이익주체지형평상，응당학정자연인의사자치우선적최고순위，재차전제하대불동이익주체진행비례식형평，상응지추진행업자치，이격식합동、시범성합동문본、연헌이용정황적집중공시등공작학보유체조직연헌이용사업적정식화、규범화화투명화，종이보증각방이익주체적균등박혁。재규제법률체계적구건상，이정부공공책임、유효적행업자치화필요적사회감독조성체계화적심신규제법률결구。
Body tissue donation-using system dilemma contains the following three aspects:the defini-tion of the legal nature of the organization of the predicament,the balance of donation-using interest subjects,and regulation of legal system construction.On the definition of the legal nature of the organi-zation of the predicament,we must restrict the definition with the rigorous,accurate and commonly ac-cepted criterion in the academe,i.e.to explicitly define the constitutive requirements of body tissue as an object,only in full compliance with constitutive requirements,under the condition of body tissue to possess,utilize,seek profits from and dispose of the four major power can complete analogy with the provisions of the law.On the balance of donation-using interest subjects,natural person shall be deter-mined the sequence of the autonomy of the highest priority,under the premise to equity ratio type of different interest subjects,accordingly to promote the industry autonomy,to take advantage of format contract,demonstrative text,donation is the focus of the public works,such as to ensure the cause of body tissue donation-using stylization,standardization and transparency,equality of main body of the game to ensure the interests of all parties.In the regulation of legal system construction,the govern-ment public responsibility,effective autonomy and the necessary social supervision structure of consti-tute systematically the prudential regulation law.