CAJ | 학술논문

1945年8月10日,日本向中、美、英、苏四大盟国发出紧急乞降照会,以“不变更天皇统治国家大权”为交换筹码,接受《波茨坦公告》,宣布投降。同一天,盟国围绕日本乞降照会交换了意见,盟国军民举行了首次胜利狂欢,延安总部下达了日本已无条件投降形势下的进军令,侵华日军惶惶不可终日。以上事态表明8月10日应为日本的投降日。基于在太平洋战争期间形成的关于处理天皇制问题的既定方针以及有利于减少美国伤亡和战后占领日本的考虑,8月11日,美国经过与各盟国紧急磋商,在所拟的复电中颇有保留地接受了日本的乞降要求,日本的投降并非无条件。8月15日,日本天皇裕仁发布《终战诏书》,日本军队停止作战、缴械投降。《终战诏书》为战后日本官方的历史认识“终战史观”提供了依据。在日本战败投降、世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年的今天,重新判读《终战诏书》,不乏启发意义。
1945년8월10일,일본향중、미、영、소사대맹국발출긴급걸강조회,이“불변경천황통치국가대권”위교환주마,접수《파자탄공고》,선포투강。동일천,맹국위요일본걸강조회교환료의견,맹국군민거행료수차성리광환,연안총부하체료일본이무조건투강형세하적진군령,침화일군황황불가종일。이상사태표명8월10일응위일본적투강일。기우재태평양전쟁기간형성적관우처리천황제문제적기정방침이급유리우감소미국상망화전후점령일본적고필,8월11일,미국경과여각맹국긴급차상,재소의적복전중파유보류지접수료일본적걸강요구,일본적투강병비무조건。8월15일,일본천황유인발포《종전조서》,일본군대정지작전、격계투강。《종전조서》위전후일본관방적역사인식“종전사관”제공료의거。재일본전패투강、세계반법서사전쟁성리70주년적금천,중신판독《종전조서》,불핍계발의의。
August 10,1945,Japanese government sent an urgent note to the four allied pow-ers about accepting Potsdam Proclamation surrender on the condition of the understanding of no damage to the Emperor’s supreme authority.The Allies leader decided to accept it and discussed countermeasures.The same day,the Allies soldiers and civilians celebrated victory for the first time.Yan’an headquarters ordered to go forward in view of unconditional surrender of the Japa-nese situation.Japanese invaders scared.All above evidenced that August 10 should be Japan’s surrender day.Potsdam Proclamation demanded Japanese army’s unconditional surrender.The ruling group of Japan requested that the surrender clause should not include the imperial house-hold conditions.Based on national interest,the United States tacitly acquiesced Japanese request. On August 15,Emperor Hirohito issued “The End of the War Edict”,and Japanese army en-tered the surrender procedure.This imperial edict,as a Japan’s historic landmark document,not only provides evidence for“To commemorate the end of the war in historical perspective”,but al-so sets Japanese government the tone of its history understanding,as well as the direction of Ja-pan’s postwar reconstruction.Today,at the day of 70th anniversary of Japan surrendered and victory over fascism,it’s enlightening to re-interpret“the Imperial Rescript of Surrender”.