CAJ | 학술논문

通过15 d的富集以及之后15 d的清水释放实验,应用双箱动力学模型拟合获得了六价铬离子[ C r (Ⅵ)]在脊尾白虾( Exopalaemon carinicauda)和三疣梭子蟹( Portunus trituberculatus)体内的富集与释放动力学参数,同时分析探讨其动力学参数的变化特征及差异.拟合结果表明：脊尾白虾和三疣梭子蟹对Cr(Ⅵ )的吸收速率常数k1范围分别为3.37～20.65和4.36～12.44,平均值分别为11.00和7.70；释放速率常数 k2范围分别为0.058～0.121和0.115～0.154,平均值分别为0.089和0.131；生物富集因子( bioaccumulation factor ,BCF)范围分别为58.10～171.00和37.91～80.81,平均值分别为110.13和56.53；在平衡状态下2种海洋生物体内C r (Ⅵ )含量( CAmax )范围分别为8.55～290.52和4.85～56.87 mg/kg ,平均值分别为116.57和25.66 mg/kg ；生物半衰期(B1/2)范围为5.74～11.95和4.50～6.03d,平均分别为8.50和5.38d.2种海洋生物对Cr(Ⅵ )质量的吸收速率常数 k1、释放速率常数 k2和BCF均随外部水体中Cr(Ⅵ )质量浓度的增大而减少,CAmax和 B1/2随外部水体中Cr(Ⅵ)浓度的增大而增大.脊尾白虾对Cr(Ⅵ)的富集能力高于三疣梭子蟹,富集速率前期高于后期；而其对Cr(Ⅵ)的释放能力弱于三疣梭子蟹,且释放主要集中在前期.
통과15 d적부집이급지후15 d적청수석방실험,응용쌍상동역학모형의합획득료륙개락리자[ C r (Ⅵ)]재척미백하( Exopalaemon carinicauda)화삼우사자해( Portunus trituberculatus)체내적부집여석방동역학삼수,동시분석탐토기동역학삼수적변화특정급차이.의합결과표명：척미백하화삼우사자해대Cr(Ⅵ )적흡수속솔상수k1범위분별위3.37～20.65화4.36～12.44,평균치분별위11.00화7.70；석방속솔상수 k2범위분별위0.058～0.121화0.115～0.154,평균치분별위0.089화0.131；생물부집인자( bioaccumulation factor ,BCF)범위분별위58.10～171.00화37.91～80.81,평균치분별위110.13화56.53；재평형상태하2충해양생물체내C r (Ⅵ )함량( CAmax )범위분별위8.55～290.52화4.85～56.87 mg/kg ,평균치분별위116.57화25.66 mg/kg ；생물반쇠기(B1/2)범위위5.74～11.95화4.50～6.03d,평균분별위8.50화5.38d.2충해양생물대Cr(Ⅵ )질량적흡수속솔상수 k1、석방속솔상수 k2화BCF균수외부수체중Cr(Ⅵ )질량농도적증대이감소,CAmax화 B1/2수외부수체중Cr(Ⅵ)농도적증대이증대.척미백하대Cr(Ⅵ)적부집능력고우삼우사자해,부집속솔전기고우후기；이기대Cr(Ⅵ)적석방능력약우삼우사자해,차석방주요집중재전기.
Summary Chromium ( Cr) is considered to be one of the major heavy metal pollutants in marine environment , and in existence of two valence states :hexavalent chromium [Cr( Ⅵ )] and trivalent chromium [Cr( Ⅲ )] . The source of Cr pollution in marine environment was mainly from discharge of effluents by a variety of industries . Cr( Ⅵ) is considered as the most toxic form of Cr , whereas Cr ( Ⅲ ) is much less toxic . Cr ( Ⅵ ) is non‐biodegradable and can rapidly accumulate in creatures and reach toxic levels in short periods of time . Although the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in many creatures has been well studied , details on mechanisms and differences of Cr( Ⅵ) bioaccumulation in different marine creatures remain unclear . <br> In this paper , the bioaccumulation processes of Cr ( Ⅵ ) in muscle tissues of crustaceans Exopalaemon carinicauda and Portunus trituberculatus were investigated , and the kinetic parameters of the Cr ( Ⅵ ) accumulation and elimination were determined using the semi‐static two‐compartment kinetic model , which included biouptake rate constant ( k1 ) , bioelimination rate constant ( k2 ) , bioaccumulation factor ( BCF ) , and biological half‐life ( B1/2 ) . <br> The kinetic model described the transport of Cr( Ⅵ) between ambient seawater and muscle tissue of two kinds of crustaceans . The modeling results indicated that the range of k1 , k2 , BCF , Cr( Ⅵ) content under an equilibrium condition ( CAmax ) and B1/2 was 3 .37 to 20 .65 , 0 .058 to 0 .121 , 58 .10 to 171 .00 , 8 .55 to 290 .52 mg/kg , 5 .74 to 11 .95 d , respectively , and the average value of k1 , k2 , BCF , CAmax and B1/2 was 11 .00 , 0 .089 , 110 .13 , 116 .57 mg/kg and 8 .50 d for Cr( Ⅵ) in the muscle tissue of E . carinicauda . However , the range of k1 , k2 , BCF , CAmax and B1/2 was 4 .36 to 12 .44 , 0 .115 to 0 .154 , 37 .91 to 80 .81 , 4 .85 to 56 .87 mg/kg , 4 .50 to 6 .03 d , respectively , and the average value of k1 , k2 , BCF , CAmax and B1/2 was 7 .70 , 0 .131 , 56 .53 , 25 .66 mg/kg and 5 .38 d for Cr( Ⅵ ) in the muscle tissue of P . trituberculatus . It was found that the k1 , k2 and BCF generally decreased and the CAmax , B1/2 increased in the muscle tissues of E . carinicauda and P . trituberculatus with the increase of Cr( Ⅵ) exposure concentration in ambient seawater . <br> In sum , the bioaccumulation content of Cr( Ⅵ) in the muscle tissue of E . carinicauda is higher than that in P . trituberculatus , and the bioaccumulation rate in early stage is higher than in later stage . Meanwhile , the elimination rate of Cr( Ⅵ) in the muscle tissue of P . trituberculatus is faster than that in E . carinicauda , and the elimination process of Cr( Ⅵ) is mainly in the initial stage , and the elimination ability of E . carinicauda is weaker than that of P . trituberculatus .