CAJ | 학술논문

通过温室控制试验，探讨生境变化对豚草生长的影响，以及与豚草入侵能力的关系；使用智能光照培养箱模拟不同海拔梯度的温度条件，探讨低温对豚草幼苗生长的影响；通过人工去叶的方式模拟天敌昆虫采食对豚草的生物控制效果。研究结果表明：豚草与丛枝菌根真菌共生增强了其适应不同土壤环境的能力。丛枝菌根真菌通过增加豚草的比叶面积，提高了豚草的资源获取能力，此作用在土壤有效氮含量低时更加明显，丛枝菌根真菌对豚草适应低氮生境有着重要意义。由于海拔升高导致环境温度降低，豚草幼苗的株高显著减少（ P＜0．01），生物量在22．5～15．1℃差异显著（ P＜0．01），15．1～9．4℃差异不显著，低温导致豚草幼苗生长缓慢，可能是限制豚草向北京周边高海拔地区扩散的重要环境因子之一。去叶处理对豚草的分枝数没有显著影响。去叶显著降低了豚草的生物量（ P＜0．05），而在对照和碳素添加（1650 g· m－2）处理中对生物量没有显著影响。去叶后，剩余叶片的叶绿素测定值升高，豚草通过补偿生长增加了剩余叶片中的叶绿素含量以维持必需的光合作用。据此推测，由于豚草具有较强的再生能力，8月份之前如果天敌采食没有达到一定强度，则不会形成有效控制。
통과온실공제시험，탐토생경변화대돈초생장적영향，이급여돈초입침능력적관계；사용지능광조배양상모의불동해발제도적온도조건，탐토저온대돈초유묘생장적영향；통과인공거협적방식모의천활곤충채식대돈초적생물공제효과。연구결과표명：돈초여총지균근진균공생증강료기괄응불동토양배경적능력。총지균근진균통과증가돈초적비협면적，제고료돈초적자원획취능력，차작용재토양유효담함량저시경가명현，총지균근진균대돈초괄응저담생경유착중요의의。유우해발승고도치배경온도강저，돈초유묘적주고현저감소（ P＜0．01），생물량재22．5～15．1℃차이현저（ P＜0．01），15．1～9．4℃차이불현저，저온도치돈초유묘생장완만，가능시한제돈초향북경주변고해발지구확산적중요배경인자지일。거협처리대돈초적분지수몰유현저영향。거협현저강저료돈초적생물량（ P＜0．05），이재대조화탄소첨가（1650 g· m－2）처리중대생물량몰유현저영향。거협후，잉여협편적협록소측정치승고，돈초통과보상생장증가료잉여협편중적협록소함량이유지필수적광합작용。거차추측，유우돈초구유교강적재생능력，8월빈지전여과천활채식몰유체도일정강도，칙불회형성유효공제。
By the green house control experiments, we studied the effects of environmental change on growth and the relation be-tween common ragweed and invasiveness.We controlled the temperatures by using auto adjust culture chambers to simulate elevation change to learn the effects of low temperature on common weed growth, and defoliated the plant leaves to mimic the biological control effect of insect eating on common weed.The symbiosis of common ragweed with AM fungi had signifi-cant influence on the common ragweed soil nitrogen acclimation, which enhanced its resource-capture by the increase of SLA, and this influence was more significant when the soil nitrogen content was low.AM fungi played an important role in the growth of common ragweed in low-nitrogen environment.The height of common ragweed seedling was significantly de-creased (P <0.01) when the temperature dropped as altitude increased, and the total biomass was also decreased signifi-cantly when temperature dropped from 22.5℃to 15.1℃( P<0.01) , but had no significant difference in 15.1℃-9.4℃. The low temperature made the seedlings of common ragweed grow slower, and temperature maybe be one of the important restriction factors on preventing the common ragweed to spread to areas at higher altitudes around Beijing.Defoliation had no significant influence on the branch number of common ragweed.It decreased the total biomass significantly ( P<0.05) under nitrogen addition treatment ( 30 g· m-2 ) , but had no significant effects under local control or carbon addition ( 1 650 g· m-2 ) .The strong regeneration ability of common ragweed could weaken the control effect of natural enemy if they did not eat enough leaves until August.