生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2015年
7期
1128-1131
,共4页
田学军%沈云玫%陶宏征%沈登荣%何超
田學軍%瀋雲玫%陶宏徵%瀋登榮%何超
전학군%침운매%도굉정%침등영%하초
肿柄菊(Tithonia diversifoliaA. Gray)%三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)%入侵植物%化感效应%种子活力%抗氧化酶%细胞膜透性
腫柄菊(Tithonia diversifoliaA. Gray)%三葉鬼針草(Bidens pilosa L.)%入侵植物%化感效應%種子活力%抗氧化酶%細胞膜透性
종병국(Tithonia diversifoliaA. Gray)%삼협귀침초(Bidens pilosa L.)%입침식물%화감효응%충자활력%항양화매%세포막투성
Tithonia diversifolia A Gray%Bidens pilosa L.%invasive plants%allelopathy%seed vigor%antioxidases%permeability of plasma membrane
肿柄菊（Tithonia diversifoliaA. Gray）和三叶鬼针草（Bidens pilosa L.）同属菊科外来入侵植物。采用培养皿培养法用前者不同含量（0.8%，1.6%，2.4%，3.2%）的叶片提取液胁迫处理后者的种子和幼苗，通过测定后者种子活力及幼苗生长量、抗氧化酶活性和细胞膜透性，探讨肿柄菊对三叶鬼针草的化感作用，进而为前者用于后者防控提供理论依据。结果表明，随着肿柄菊叶片提取液含量的提高，三叶鬼针草种子发芽指数和种子活力及幼苗生长量逐渐下降，化感效应指数小于0；相对电导率逐渐提高，幼苗细胞膜的完整性下降；而超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性则随之提高，化感效应指数大于0。肿柄菊叶提取含量达3.2%时，鬼针草种子发芽指数、活力指数和幼苗生长量仅分别为对照的25.7%、2.1%和9.4%。对照的SOD、CAT和POD活性分别为68.3±2.3、0.6±0.0和0.5±0.1，而提取液含量3.2%时则分别为117.2±3.2、1.2±0.1和0.9±0.2。显然，肿柄菊对鬼针草产生强烈化感作用，且随浓度的增加而加强。
腫柄菊（Tithonia diversifoliaA. Gray）和三葉鬼針草（Bidens pilosa L.）同屬菊科外來入侵植物。採用培養皿培養法用前者不同含量（0.8%，1.6%，2.4%，3.2%）的葉片提取液脅迫處理後者的種子和幼苗，通過測定後者種子活力及幼苗生長量、抗氧化酶活性和細胞膜透性，探討腫柄菊對三葉鬼針草的化感作用，進而為前者用于後者防控提供理論依據。結果錶明，隨著腫柄菊葉片提取液含量的提高，三葉鬼針草種子髮芽指數和種子活力及幼苗生長量逐漸下降，化感效應指數小于0；相對電導率逐漸提高，幼苗細胞膜的完整性下降；而超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、過氧化氫酶（CAT）和過氧化物酶（POD）的活性則隨之提高，化感效應指數大于0。腫柄菊葉提取含量達3.2%時，鬼針草種子髮芽指數、活力指數和幼苗生長量僅分彆為對照的25.7%、2.1%和9.4%。對照的SOD、CAT和POD活性分彆為68.3±2.3、0.6±0.0和0.5±0.1，而提取液含量3.2%時則分彆為117.2±3.2、1.2±0.1和0.9±0.2。顯然，腫柄菊對鬼針草產生彊烈化感作用，且隨濃度的增加而加彊。
종병국（Tithonia diversifoliaA. Gray）화삼협귀침초（Bidens pilosa L.）동속국과외래입침식물。채용배양명배양법용전자불동함량（0.8%，1.6%，2.4%，3.2%）적협편제취액협박처리후자적충자화유묘，통과측정후자충자활력급유묘생장량、항양화매활성화세포막투성，탐토종병국대삼협귀침초적화감작용，진이위전자용우후자방공제공이론의거。결과표명，수착종병국협편제취액함량적제고，삼협귀침초충자발아지수화충자활력급유묘생장량축점하강，화감효응지수소우0；상대전도솔축점제고，유묘세포막적완정성하강；이초양화물기화매（SOD）、과양화경매（CAT）화과양화물매（POD）적활성칙수지제고，화감효응지수대우0。종병국협제취함량체3.2%시，귀침초충자발아지수、활력지수화유묘생장량부분별위대조적25.7%、2.1%화9.4%。대조적SOD、CAT화POD활성분별위68.3±2.3、0.6±0.0화0.5±0.1，이제취액함량3.2%시칙분별위117.2±3.2、1.2±0.1화0.9±0.2。현연，종병국대귀침초산생강렬화감작용，차수농도적증가이가강。
Tithonia diversifolia A Gray andBidens pilosa L were exotic invasive species (Compositae). The objective of the study was to explore the allelopathy ofT. diversifolia onB. pilosa and the later controlling possibility by the former. The seeds and seedlings of the latter were treated by different contents (0.8%, 1.6%, 2.4% and 3.2%) of the aqueous extract of the former leaves in a Petri dish, and seed vigor and length, antioxidase activity, permeability of plasma membrane ofB. pilosaIseedlingleaves were determined. The results showed that seed germination index and vigor index, and seedling length decreased with the increase of the aqueous extract contents, and allelopathic index (RI) < 0; and relative conductivity increased, and the integrity of seedling cell membrane decreased. But catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities increased with increase of the aqueous extract contents, and allelopathic index (RI) > 0. When the content of the aqueous extract ofT. diversifolialeaves reached to 3.2% the seed germination index, vigor index and seedling length ofB. pilosa was 25.7%, 2.1% and 9.4% of control respectively. CAT, SOD and POD activity of controls was 68.3±2.3, 0.6±0.0 and 0.5±0.1 respectively, but the activity of 3.2% content group was 117.2±3.2, 1.2±0.1 and 0.9±0.2 respectively. SoT. diversifolia had a strong allelopathy on B. pilosa, and the degree of the activity was increased with content increase of the aqueous extract.
