CAJ | 학술논문

气候变暖影响着高寒植物的生长及其碳含量和氮含量。为了探讨藏北高原高寒草甸群落地上部分碳含量和氮含量对气候变暖的响应，2008年7月在西藏当雄县草原站沿着海拔梯度（即4300、4500和4700 m）布设了一个模拟增温实验（增温方法采用开顶式生长室，开口和底部直径分别为1.00和1.45 m，高度为0.40 m）。通过统计分析三海拔高度上的高寒草甸的2011年7月和2012年7月的群落地上部分碳含量、氮含量和碳氮比，探讨了藏北高原高寒草甸群落地上部分碳含量、氮含量和碳氮比对模拟增温的响应。结果表明，模拟增温显著降低了海拔4300 m 2011年7月10.5%（2.43 g·kg-1）的氮含量（F=14.95，P=0.018），显著增加了海拔4300 m 2011年7月12.1%（2.27）的碳氮比（F=22.67，P=0.009）；显著增加了海拔4700 m 2012年7月16.3%（4.44 g·kg-1）的氮含量（F=17.03，P=0.015），显著降低了海拔4700 m 2012年7月8.6%（1.24）的碳氮比（F=12.60，P=0.024）；对三海拔2011年7月（4300 m：F=0.89，P=0.400；4500 m：F=0.28，P=0.627；4700 m：F=2.65，P=0.179）和2012年7月（4300 m：F=0.0004，P=0.985；4500 m：F=4.21，P=0.109；4700 m：F=2.40，P=0.196）的碳含量都无显著影响；对海拔4300 m 2012年7月（氮含量：F=0.13，P=0.736；碳氮比：F=0.10，P=0.764）、4500 m 2011年7月（氮含量：F=0.01，P=0.912；碳氮比：F=0.12，P=0.750）和2012年7月（氮含量：F=0.48，P=0.525；碳氮比：F=0.004， P=0.951）以及4700 m 2011年7月（氮含量：F=0.78，P=0.428；碳氮比：F=0.01，P=0.942）的氮含量和碳氮比都无显著影响。因此，模拟增温对高寒草甸群落地上部分碳含量、氮含量和碳氮比的影响随着海拔高度和观测年份发生变化。
기후변난영향착고한식물적생장급기탄함량화담함량。위료탐토장북고원고한초전군락지상부분탄함량화담함량대기후변난적향응，2008년7월재서장당웅현초원참연착해발제도（즉4300、4500화4700 m）포설료일개모의증온실험（증온방법채용개정식생장실，개구화저부직경분별위1.00화1.45 m，고도위0.40 m）。통과통계분석삼해발고도상적고한초전적2011년7월화2012년7월적군락지상부분탄함량、담함량화탄담비，탐토료장북고원고한초전군락지상부분탄함량、담함량화탄담비대모의증온적향응。결과표명，모의증온현저강저료해발4300 m 2011년7월10.5%（2.43 g·kg-1）적담함량（F=14.95，P=0.018），현저증가료해발4300 m 2011년7월12.1%（2.27）적탄담비（F=22.67，P=0.009）；현저증가료해발4700 m 2012년7월16.3%（4.44 g·kg-1）적담함량（F=17.03，P=0.015），현저강저료해발4700 m 2012년7월8.6%（1.24）적탄담비（F=12.60，P=0.024）；대삼해발2011년7월（4300 m：F=0.89，P=0.400；4500 m：F=0.28，P=0.627；4700 m：F=2.65，P=0.179）화2012년7월（4300 m：F=0.0004，P=0.985；4500 m：F=4.21，P=0.109；4700 m：F=2.40，P=0.196）적탄함량도무현저영향；대해발4300 m 2012년7월（담함량：F=0.13，P=0.736；탄담비：F=0.10，P=0.764）、4500 m 2011년7월（담함량：F=0.01，P=0.912；탄담비：F=0.12，P=0.750）화2012년7월（담함량：F=0.48，P=0.525；탄담비：F=0.004， P=0.951）이급4700 m 2011년7월（담함량：F=0.78，P=0.428；탄담비：F=0.01，P=0.942）적담함량화탄담비도무현저영향。인차，모의증온대고한초전군락지상부분탄함량、담함량화탄담비적영향수착해발고도화관측년빈발생변화。
Climatic warming affects the growth of alpine vegetation and its related carbon and nitrogen content. In order to understand the response of community aboveground parts carbon and nitrogen content to climatic warming in the alpine meadow of the Northern Tibet, a field warming experiment using open top chamber (the top and bottom diameter was 1.00 m and 1.45 m, respectively, and the height was 0.40 m) has been conducted in an alpine meadow located at three elevations: 4300 m, 4500 m and 4700 m, in the Damxung county of the Tibet since July, 2008. The carbon and nitrogen contents and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen of the community aboveground parts in the alpine meadow at the three elevations were measured in July, 2011 and 2012. These carbon and nitrogen contents were analyzed to explore the response of community aboveground parts to experimental warming. Our results showed that experimental warming significantly decreased nitrogen content by 10.5% (2.43 g·kg-1,F=14.95,P=0.018) at 4300 m in July, 2011 and decreased the ratio of carbon to nitrogen by 8.6% (1.24, F=12.60,P=0.024) at 4700 m in July, 2012, but experimental warming significantly increased the ratio of carbon to nitrogen by 12.1% (2.27,F=22.67,P=0.009) at 4300 m in July, 2011 and increased the nitrogen content by 16.3% (4.44 g·kg-1,F=17.03,P=0.015) at 4700 m in July, 2012. Moreover, experimental warming did not significantly affect carbon content in July, 2011 (4300 m:F=0.89,P=0.400; 4500 m:F=0.28,P=0.627; 4700 m:F=2.65,P=0.179) and July, 2012 (4300 m:F=0.0004,P=0.985; 4500 m:F=4.21,P=0.109; 4700 m:F=2.40,P=0.196), neither did significantly affect the nitrogen content at 4300 m in July, 2012 (F=0.13,P=0.736), at 4500 m in July, 2011 (F=0.01,P=0.912) and July, 2012 (F=0.48,P=0.525), or at 4700 m in July, 2011 (F=0.78,P=0.428). In addition, experimental warming did not significantly affect the ratio of carbon to nitrogen content at 4300 m in July, 2012 (F=0.10,P=0.764), at 4500 m in July, 2011 (F=0.12,P=0.750) and July, 2012 (F=0.004,P=0.951), or at 4700 m in July, 2011 (F=0.01,P=0.942). Therefore, the effects of experimental warming on the carbon content, nitrogen content and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen depended on the elevation and the measuring year in this alpine meadow.