临床荟萃
臨床薈萃
림상회췌
CLINICAL FOCUS
2015年
9期
1004-1007
,共4页
王悦%史利克%张鲁涛%刘燕%贾媛%王黎一%王世博
王悅%史利剋%張魯濤%劉燕%賈媛%王黎一%王世博
왕열%사리극%장로도%류연%가원%왕려일%왕세박
交叉感染%横断面研究%抗菌药
交扠感染%橫斷麵研究%抗菌藥
교차감염%횡단면연구%항균약
nosocomial infection%prevalence rate%pathogen%antibiotics
目的：了解我院住院患者医院感染现状及变化趋势,为有效预防和控制医院感染提供依据。方法采取床旁调查和查阅病历相结合的方法,对2008年10月28日、2011年10月17日、2013年12月17日住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查,并对3年资料进行统计分析。结果共调查病例6500例,3年医院感染现患率分别为4.1%、4.5%、5.6%,综合重症监护室(ICU)感染率最高19.0%；感染部位以下呼吸道感染最高48.9%；医院感染病原菌中,革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌和真菌分别占73.5%、14.3%和12.2%；3年抗菌药物的使用率分别为46.4%、38.0%、37.4%(χ2=37.093,P <0.01),预防用药比例分别占45.2%、27.9%和21.3%(χ2=121.120,P <0.01),治疗用药病原学送检率分别为14.3%、29.9%、35.9%。结论我院3年医院感染现患率无显著变化,综合 ICU 感染率高,抗菌药物使用率和预防用药比例逐年下降,治疗用药病原学送检率偏低,应加强对重点科室、部位、病原菌的医院感染监测管理,提高送检率。
目的：瞭解我院住院患者醫院感染現狀及變化趨勢,為有效預防和控製醫院感染提供依據。方法採取床徬調查和查閱病歷相結閤的方法,對2008年10月28日、2011年10月17日、2013年12月17日住院患者進行醫院感染現患率調查,併對3年資料進行統計分析。結果共調查病例6500例,3年醫院感染現患率分彆為4.1%、4.5%、5.6%,綜閤重癥鑑護室(ICU)感染率最高19.0%；感染部位以下呼吸道感染最高48.9%；醫院感染病原菌中,革蘭陰性菌、革蘭暘性菌和真菌分彆佔73.5%、14.3%和12.2%；3年抗菌藥物的使用率分彆為46.4%、38.0%、37.4%(χ2=37.093,P <0.01),預防用藥比例分彆佔45.2%、27.9%和21.3%(χ2=121.120,P <0.01),治療用藥病原學送檢率分彆為14.3%、29.9%、35.9%。結論我院3年醫院感染現患率無顯著變化,綜閤 ICU 感染率高,抗菌藥物使用率和預防用藥比例逐年下降,治療用藥病原學送檢率偏低,應加彊對重點科室、部位、病原菌的醫院感染鑑測管理,提高送檢率。
목적：료해아원주원환자의원감염현상급변화추세,위유효예방화공제의원감염제공의거。방법채취상방조사화사열병력상결합적방법,대2008년10월28일、2011년10월17일、2013년12월17일주원환자진행의원감염현환솔조사,병대3년자료진행통계분석。결과공조사병례6500례,3년의원감염현환솔분별위4.1%、4.5%、5.6%,종합중증감호실(ICU)감염솔최고19.0%；감염부위이하호흡도감염최고48.9%；의원감염병원균중,혁란음성균、혁란양성균화진균분별점73.5%、14.3%화12.2%；3년항균약물적사용솔분별위46.4%、38.0%、37.4%(χ2=37.093,P <0.01),예방용약비례분별점45.2%、27.9%화21.3%(χ2=121.120,P <0.01),치료용약병원학송검솔분별위14.3%、29.9%、35.9%。결론아원3년의원감염현환솔무현저변화,종합 ICU 감염솔고,항균약물사용솔화예방용약비례축년하강,치료용약병원학송검솔편저,응가강대중점과실、부위、병원균적의원감염감측관리,제고송검솔。
ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the present situation of nosocomial infection (NI)and the trend of changes of prevalence in our hospital,in order to provide scientific data for prevention and control of hospital infection.Methods Using the method of bed-side examination and medical records checking to investigate prevalence raterate of NI whose data were from all hospitalized patients during Oct 28,2008,Oct 1 7,201 1 and Dec 1 7,2013.Results 6500 hospitalized patients were investigated during the three years.The prevalence rate was 4.1%,4.5% and 5.6% in 2008,201 1 and 2013,respectively,intensive care unit had the highest infection rate (1 9.0%).The main infection site was lower respiratory tract (48.9%).The isolation rate of gram-negative bacteria,gram-positive bacteria and fungi were 73.5%,14.3% and 12.2%,respectively.Utilization rates of antibiotics of hospitalized patients in three years were 46.4%,38.0% and 37.4%,respectively (χ2 =37.093,P <0.01),the prophylactic application rate of antibiotics was 45.2%,27.9% and 21.3%,respectively (χ2 = 121.120,P < 0.01 ) .The etiologic examination rates for therapeutic medicine were 14.3%,29.9% and 35.9%.Conclusion The prevalence of the nosocomial infection in our hosipital showed no significant change in the three years.In view of intensive care unit for the highest infection rate,the utilization rates and the prophylactic application rate of antibiotics decreased,the etiologic examination rates were low, management on high risk departments,main sites and pathogens shoud be strengthened and the rate of delivering samples should be improved.
