中国农村水利水电
中國農村水利水電
중국농촌수이수전
CHINA RURAL WATER AND HYDROPOWER
2015年
8期
152-157
,共6页
吕绪明%徐一民%乔梁%南海龙
呂緒明%徐一民%喬樑%南海龍
려서명%서일민%교량%남해룡
突扩突跌%数值模拟%模型试验%掺气浓度%底空腔%侧空腔
突擴突跌%數值模擬%模型試驗%摻氣濃度%底空腔%側空腔
돌확돌질%수치모의%모형시험%참기농도%저공강%측공강
sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop%numerical simulation%model test%air concentration%bottom cavity%lateral cavity
有压洞出口突扩突跌掺气设施在工程中得到广泛应用，合理的突扩突跌体型能较好的对水流掺气，进而减小水流对泄水建筑物的空蚀破坏。利用Eulerian的RNG k-ε三维紊流数学模型及物理模型试验对突扩突跌掺气设施的水力特性进行了研究，得出突扩突跌后底空腔及侧空腔的变化规律及影响因素。水流掺气浓度在水舌落点附近最大，其分布受贯通的底空腔尺度和侧空腔尺度的综合影响。侧掺气空腔对增大泄槽边墙附近的掺气浓度效果显著，对水舌落点以后的明槽段，同一流程位置边墙附近的掺气浓度比中轴线处平均可增大10％～30％。研究结果有助于了解突扩突跌掺气设施的水力特性，可为选取该设施合适的体型尺寸提供参考。
有壓洞齣口突擴突跌摻氣設施在工程中得到廣汎應用，閤理的突擴突跌體型能較好的對水流摻氣，進而減小水流對洩水建築物的空蝕破壞。利用Eulerian的RNG k-ε三維紊流數學模型及物理模型試驗對突擴突跌摻氣設施的水力特性進行瞭研究，得齣突擴突跌後底空腔及側空腔的變化規律及影響因素。水流摻氣濃度在水舌落點附近最大，其分佈受貫通的底空腔呎度和側空腔呎度的綜閤影響。側摻氣空腔對增大洩槽邊牆附近的摻氣濃度效果顯著，對水舌落點以後的明槽段，同一流程位置邊牆附近的摻氣濃度比中軸線處平均可增大10％～30％。研究結果有助于瞭解突擴突跌摻氣設施的水力特性，可為選取該設施閤適的體型呎吋提供參攷。
유압동출구돌확돌질참기설시재공정중득도엄범응용，합리적돌확돌질체형능교호적대수류참기，진이감소수류대설수건축물적공식파배。이용Eulerian적RNG k-ε삼유문류수학모형급물리모형시험대돌확돌질참기설시적수력특성진행료연구，득출돌확돌질후저공강급측공강적변화규률급영향인소。수류참기농도재수설낙점부근최대，기분포수관통적저공강척도화측공강척도적종합영향。측참기공강대증대설조변장부근적참기농도효과현저，대수설낙점이후적명조단，동일류정위치변장부근적참기농도비중축선처평균가증대10％～30％。연구결과유조우료해돌확돌질참기설시적수력특성，가위선취해설시합괄적체형척촌제공삼고。
The sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop aeration facilities at the end of pressure tunnel has been widely applied in the engineering practices .In order to have good water aeration to protect water release structures from cavitation erosion ,the rea‐sonable type and size of this facility is needed .Based on the Eulerian Method with RNG k-ε3-D turbulent model and model experi‐ments ,the hydraulic characteristics of flow from this aeration facility have been investigated .The bottom cavity length and lateral cavity length after this aeration facility by numerical simulation and model experiments have been obtained and the factors affecting to both the bottom and lateral cavities are discussed .The air concentration in the flow downstream the sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop aeration facility reaches its maximum value in the region near the water tongue placement .The air concentration distri‐bution in the water flow is determined by connected bottom and lateral cavities .The role of lateral cavity to improve the air concen‐tration in the flow region near the side walls is remarkable .Downstream the water tongue placement in the same flow cross section , the air concentration in the flow near the side walls is about 10% ~30% bigger than that at the middle of cross section .The results of the study are helpful to realizing the sudden lateral enlargement and vertical drop's hydraulic characteristics and can provide a refer‐ence for selecting aeration facilities .
