中国油料作物学报
中國油料作物學報
중국유료작물학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES
2015年
4期
462-466
,共5页
孙建%颜廷献%高德学%杨光宇%徐桂真%刘文萍%乐美旺%饶月亮%颜小文%周红英
孫建%顏廷獻%高德學%楊光宇%徐桂真%劉文萍%樂美旺%饒月亮%顏小文%週紅英
손건%안정헌%고덕학%양광우%서계진%류문평%악미왕%요월량%안소문%주홍영
芝麻%繁育特性%形态标记%天然异交率
芝痳%繁育特性%形態標記%天然異交率
지마%번육특성%형태표기%천연이교솔
Sesamum indicum L.%Breeding characteristics%Morphology marker%Spontaneous outcrossing rate
根据芝麻良种繁育与种子生产的需要，为明确芝麻天然异交率（ SOR），利用显/隐性单基因控制的相对性状[一组是隐性单基因控制的有限生长习性（ D）和闭蒴（ C）为标记的性状组合，以正常（ N）性状材料为异花粉源；一组是单花（ M）/三花（ T）性状组合，以显性单基因控制的单花性状材料为异花粉源]为标记，对2010-2012年混合种植和条播2种模式下，5个不同种植区 SOR进行了测定。结果显示，混合种植模式下 SOR 为5.13%~23.35%。不同种植区、不同年份、不同品种间均存在较大差异。SOR与异花粉源的距离有直接关系，随着种植行数的增多，SOR逐渐减少，不同种植区的结果存在一定差异，约在距离异花粉源20~30行（8~12m）未检测到天然异交存在。提出400m空间距离加8~12m保护行的理论隔离方法可以满足芝麻良种繁育（纯度99.9%）的需求，为芝麻良种繁育和种子生产提供了重要理论参考。
根據芝痳良種繁育與種子生產的需要，為明確芝痳天然異交率（ SOR），利用顯/隱性單基因控製的相對性狀[一組是隱性單基因控製的有限生長習性（ D）和閉蒴（ C）為標記的性狀組閤，以正常（ N）性狀材料為異花粉源；一組是單花（ M）/三花（ T）性狀組閤，以顯性單基因控製的單花性狀材料為異花粉源]為標記，對2010-2012年混閤種植和條播2種模式下，5箇不同種植區 SOR進行瞭測定。結果顯示，混閤種植模式下 SOR 為5.13%~23.35%。不同種植區、不同年份、不同品種間均存在較大差異。SOR與異花粉源的距離有直接關繫，隨著種植行數的增多，SOR逐漸減少，不同種植區的結果存在一定差異，約在距離異花粉源20~30行（8~12m）未檢測到天然異交存在。提齣400m空間距離加8~12m保護行的理論隔離方法可以滿足芝痳良種繁育（純度99.9%）的需求，為芝痳良種繁育和種子生產提供瞭重要理論參攷。
근거지마량충번육여충자생산적수요，위명학지마천연이교솔（ SOR），이용현/은성단기인공제적상대성상[일조시은성단기인공제적유한생장습성（ D）화폐삭（ C）위표기적성상조합，이정상（ N）성상재료위이화분원；일조시단화（ M）/삼화（ T）성상조합，이현성단기인공제적단화성상재료위이화분원]위표기，대2010-2012년혼합충식화조파2충모식하，5개불동충식구 SOR진행료측정。결과현시，혼합충식모식하 SOR 위5.13%~23.35%。불동충식구、불동년빈、불동품충간균존재교대차이。SOR여이화분원적거리유직접관계，수착충식행수적증다，SOR축점감소，불동충식구적결과존재일정차이，약재거리이화분원20~30행（8~12m）미검측도천연이교존재。제출400m공간거리가8~12m보호행적이론격리방법가이만족지마량충번육（순도99.9%）적수구，위지마량충번육화충자생산제공료중요이론삼고。
For sesame breeding and production,spontaneous outcrossing rates( SOR)were investigated using 2 pairs of morphology markers under 2 planting patterns in 5 areas during 2010 to 2012. In one pair,cultivars with determinated growth habit( D)and closed capsule( C)were used. Both traits were controlled by recessive single genes. Corresponding normal( N)trait materials were used as allogeneic pollen sources. In the other pair,culti-vars with monofloral( M)and trifloral( T)traits were used. The monofloral was controlled by a dominant single gene and was used as allogeneic pollen source. The 2 patterns were mixed and drilling. Results showed that,under mixed planting patterns,SOR was 5. 13% -23. 35% with an average of 12. 69%. There were great differences a-mong different planting region,years and cultivars. SOR was directly related to distances among allogeneic pollen sources,SOR gradually decreased with the increase of planting rows. These were differences among planting re-gions. The SOR were not detected beyond allogeneic pollen sources of about 20-30 lines(8-12m). This study suggested an effective isolation distance of 400m and a buffer zone of 8-12m,which was sufficient to meet the de-mand of sesame seed purity of 99 . 9%.
