江西农业大学学报
江西農業大學學報
강서농업대학학보
ACTA AGRICULTURAE UNIVERSITATIS JIANGXIENSIS
2015年
4期
663-669
,共7页
高贵宾%潘雁红%吴良如%钟浩%袁娜%徐旻昱
高貴賓%潘雁紅%吳良如%鐘浩%袁娜%徐旻昱
고귀빈%반안홍%오량여%종호%원나%서민욱
雷竹%覆盖栽培%生物量%分配格局
雷竹%覆蓋栽培%生物量%分配格跼
뢰죽%복개재배%생물량%분배격국
Phyllostachys praecox%mulching cultivation%biomass%allocation pattern
对不同覆盖栽培年限雷竹林生物量分配格局进行了研究,结果发现:随覆盖年限增加,新竹留养困难,歇园期间新竹留养不规律,导致竹林年龄结构不稳定,表现出1年、4年生竹子生物量下降,2年、3年生竹子生物量先升高后下降的总趋势,进而影响竹林年龄结构的人工可控性。竹林生物量在覆盖3年时有所升高,竹叶生物量的累积,应该是竹林仍能保持较高生产力的关键因素。竹叶生物量在竹林覆盖6年后开始有较大差异,到第12年已经跟覆盖0年、3年竹林达到显著差异水平,竹叶生物量的衰减成为长期覆盖竹林生产力衰退的重要限制因子。竹林覆盖到第3年,地下竹鞭根生物量才达到或接近饱和状态,说明竹林覆盖后虽然竹鞭有所上浮,但仍然有能力实现空间拓殖;继续覆盖,竹鞭上浮增大,生存空间缩小,竹鞭的萌发与生长受到限制,生物量逐渐衰减。竹鞭根是土壤养分主要吸收和运输器官,其生物量的衰减,势必会减弱竹林系统水分代谢及矿质营养等能力,进而影响竹林生长。研究认为,建立稳定的竹林年龄结构,提高留养新竹子质量,及时翻土深埋鞭,并结合可行的退化土壤生态修复技术,才能有效防止竹林生物量衰减,实现竹林可持续经营。
對不同覆蓋栽培年限雷竹林生物量分配格跼進行瞭研究,結果髮現:隨覆蓋年限增加,新竹留養睏難,歇園期間新竹留養不規律,導緻竹林年齡結構不穩定,錶現齣1年、4年生竹子生物量下降,2年、3年生竹子生物量先升高後下降的總趨勢,進而影響竹林年齡結構的人工可控性。竹林生物量在覆蓋3年時有所升高,竹葉生物量的纍積,應該是竹林仍能保持較高生產力的關鍵因素。竹葉生物量在竹林覆蓋6年後開始有較大差異,到第12年已經跟覆蓋0年、3年竹林達到顯著差異水平,竹葉生物量的衰減成為長期覆蓋竹林生產力衰退的重要限製因子。竹林覆蓋到第3年,地下竹鞭根生物量纔達到或接近飽和狀態,說明竹林覆蓋後雖然竹鞭有所上浮,但仍然有能力實現空間拓殖;繼續覆蓋,竹鞭上浮增大,生存空間縮小,竹鞭的萌髮與生長受到限製,生物量逐漸衰減。竹鞭根是土壤養分主要吸收和運輸器官,其生物量的衰減,勢必會減弱竹林繫統水分代謝及礦質營養等能力,進而影響竹林生長。研究認為,建立穩定的竹林年齡結構,提高留養新竹子質量,及時翻土深埋鞭,併結閤可行的退化土壤生態脩複技術,纔能有效防止竹林生物量衰減,實現竹林可持續經營。
대불동복개재배년한뢰죽림생물량분배격국진행료연구,결과발현:수복개년한증가,신죽류양곤난,헐완기간신죽류양불규률,도치죽림년령결구불은정,표현출1년、4년생죽자생물량하강,2년、3년생죽자생물량선승고후하강적총추세,진이영향죽림년령결구적인공가공성。죽림생물량재복개3년시유소승고,죽협생물량적루적,응해시죽림잉능보지교고생산력적관건인소。죽협생물량재죽림복개6년후개시유교대차이,도제12년이경근복개0년、3년죽림체도현저차이수평,죽협생물량적쇠감성위장기복개죽림생산력쇠퇴적중요한제인자。죽림복개도제3년,지하죽편근생물량재체도혹접근포화상태,설명죽림복개후수연죽편유소상부,단잉연유능력실현공간탁식;계속복개,죽편상부증대,생존공간축소,죽편적맹발여생장수도한제,생물량축점쇠감。죽편근시토양양분주요흡수화운수기관,기생물량적쇠감,세필회감약죽림계통수분대사급광질영양등능력,진이영향죽림생장。연구인위,건립은정적죽림년령결구,제고류양신죽자질량,급시번토심매편,병결합가행적퇴화토양생태수복기술,재능유효방지죽림생물량쇠감,실현죽림가지속경영。
The biomass allocation patterns of Phyllostachys praecox in different mulching cultivation peri-ods were studied.The results showed that following the increase of mulching cultivation periods,the keeping of new bamboo became difficult,and with the irregular keeping of new bamboo in the paused mulching cultivation period,the age structure of bamboo forest became unstable,which exhibited an general trend that the biomass of one year old and four years old bamboo decreased,two years old and three years old bamboo firstly increased and then decreased,which further influenced the management controllability of bamboo age structure.Bamboo biomass increased in the 3-year mulched forest,the accumulation of bamboo leaf biomass might be the key factor for the high productivity of bamboo forest .Bamboo leaf biomass had greater variation after mulching for 6 years,in the 12-year mulched bamboo forest,there were significant differences compared with the 0-year and 3-year mulched forests,the attenuation of bamboo leaf biomass became an important limiting factor to the de-clining of bamboo forest productivity.After mulching for 3-year,the biomass of bamboo rhizome just reached the saturation state.This showed that,although the bamboo rhizome floated upward after mulching cultivation,it could still had the ability to occupy soil space.If mulching cultivation continued,bamboo rhizome floated up-ward constantly,with living space reduced,the germination and growth of bamboo rhizome were limited,and then the biomass decreased gradually.Bamboo rhizome was the main organ for absorption and transportation of soil nutrient,the attenuation of its biomass would certainly weaken the abilities of water metabolism and mineral nutrition of bamboo forest system,which further influenced the growth of bamboo forest.It is concluded that,a stable bamboo age structure,improved quality of new bamboo,deep soil and timely burial of bamboo rhizome, combined with the practical technology of ecological restoration of degraded soil might be able to prevent the attenuation of bamboo biomass effectively and then realize the sustainable management of bamboo forest.