CAJ | 학술논문

针对室内多出口条件下,行人自主疏散时盲目选择疏散出口而导致的出口利用不对称问题,本文基于点排队模型计算了行人从单个拥挤出口疏散所耗时间,并据此构建了室内多出口条件下行人疏散的出口选择优化模型,设计了该模型的混合遗传模拟退火求解算法.同时,进一步提出了出口选择确定的元胞自动机仿真模型,用于仿真评估包括本模型优化解在内的多个出口选择方案对疏散时间的改善效果.结果表明,本文所提出的模型和方法,能够保证各个疏散出口的利用率均衡,降低总体疏散时间,对制定可行的疏散计划有一定参考意义.
침대실내다출구조건하,행인자주소산시맹목선택소산출구이도치적출구이용불대칭문제,본문기우점배대모형계산료행인종단개옹제출구소산소모시간,병거차구건료실내다출구조건하행인소산적출구선택우화모형,설계료해모형적혼합유전모의퇴화구해산법.동시,진일보제출료출구선택학정적원포자동궤방진모형,용우방진평고포괄본모형우화해재내적다개출구선택방안대소산시간적개선효과.결과표명,본문소제출적모형화방법,능구보증각개소산출구적이용솔균형,강저총체소산시간,대제정가행적소산계화유일정삼고의의.
In order to reduce the exit using imbalance caused by evacuees'blind exit choice during multi-exit room evacuation, we propose an optimization model of exit choice under the multi-exit room evacuation based on point queue model. While, a hybrid algorithm based on genetic and simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the optimization model. For demonstrating the effective, a cellular automata model with certainty exit choice decision is presented to investigate the influence of different multi-exit selection schemes on evacuation time, including the multi-exit selection scheme obtained by our optimization model. The comparative results show that the exit selection scheme obtained by our optimization model based on the point queue model can balance the utilization of the multi-exit during the evacuation and decrease the evacuation time. Thus, the optimization model is helpful to make pedestrian evacuation scheme.