中华地方病学杂志
中華地方病學雜誌
중화지방병학잡지
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
2015年
8期
569-572
,共4页
煤%氟%氟中毒,牙
煤%氟%氟中毒,牙
매%불%불중독,아
Coal%Fluorine%Fluorosis,dental
目的 探讨燃煤污染型氟中毒病区燃煤中氟的实际燃烧释放规律及其环境效应.方法 在云南省昭通市采集24户农户家的煤、拌煤粘土、煤泥、煤渣以及烘烤前后玉米样品,采用高温燃烧-氟离子选择电极法分析样品中氟含量,计算煤泥氟的燃烧释放量及释放率,并分析煤泥中氟释放量与烘烤玉米中氟增加量的关系.结果 拌煤粘土中氟含量的中位数为1 087.1 mg/kg,范围为266.4～2 536.7 mg/kg;煤泥中氟含量的中位数为308.8 mg/kg,范围为115.9～ 635.0 mg/kg;煤泥燃烧氟释放量的中位数为248.2 mg/kg,范围为63.5～432.2 mg/kg,燃烧释放率的平均值为73.8％,范围为30.3％～91.5％.新鲜玉米中氟含量的中位数为1.31mg/kg,范围为0.43～ 2.00 mg/kg;烘烤玉米中氟含量的中位数为10.49 mg/kg,范围为2.21～44.88 mg/kg,玉米烘烤后氟增加量范围为0.90～44.46 mg/kg.拌煤粘土中的氟含量与煤泥燃烧氟释放量呈正相关(r=0.714,P＜ 0.01);煤泥燃烧氟释放量与烘烤前后玉米氟增加量未见相关(r=-0.155,P＞0.05).结论 粘土是燃煤中氟污染物释放的重要来源.烘烤玉米中氟污染程度不是由煤泥中氟释放量所单独决定的,可能还受到多种因素的影响.
目的 探討燃煤汙染型氟中毒病區燃煤中氟的實際燃燒釋放規律及其環境效應.方法 在雲南省昭通市採集24戶農戶傢的煤、拌煤粘土、煤泥、煤渣以及烘烤前後玉米樣品,採用高溫燃燒-氟離子選擇電極法分析樣品中氟含量,計算煤泥氟的燃燒釋放量及釋放率,併分析煤泥中氟釋放量與烘烤玉米中氟增加量的關繫.結果 拌煤粘土中氟含量的中位數為1 087.1 mg/kg,範圍為266.4～2 536.7 mg/kg;煤泥中氟含量的中位數為308.8 mg/kg,範圍為115.9～ 635.0 mg/kg;煤泥燃燒氟釋放量的中位數為248.2 mg/kg,範圍為63.5～432.2 mg/kg,燃燒釋放率的平均值為73.8％,範圍為30.3％～91.5％.新鮮玉米中氟含量的中位數為1.31mg/kg,範圍為0.43～ 2.00 mg/kg;烘烤玉米中氟含量的中位數為10.49 mg/kg,範圍為2.21～44.88 mg/kg,玉米烘烤後氟增加量範圍為0.90～44.46 mg/kg.拌煤粘土中的氟含量與煤泥燃燒氟釋放量呈正相關(r=0.714,P＜ 0.01);煤泥燃燒氟釋放量與烘烤前後玉米氟增加量未見相關(r=-0.155,P＞0.05).結論 粘土是燃煤中氟汙染物釋放的重要來源.烘烤玉米中氟汙染程度不是由煤泥中氟釋放量所單獨決定的,可能還受到多種因素的影響.
목적 탐토연매오염형불중독병구연매중불적실제연소석방규률급기배경효응.방법 재운남성소통시채집24호농호가적매、반매점토、매니、매사이급홍고전후옥미양품,채용고온연소-불리자선택전겁법분석양품중불함량,계산매니불적연소석방량급석방솔,병분석매니중불석방량여홍고옥미중불증가량적관계.결과 반매점토중불함량적중위수위1 087.1 mg/kg,범위위266.4～2 536.7 mg/kg;매니중불함량적중위수위308.8 mg/kg,범위위115.9～ 635.0 mg/kg;매니연소불석방량적중위수위248.2 mg/kg,범위위63.5～432.2 mg/kg,연소석방솔적평균치위73.8％,범위위30.3％～91.5％.신선옥미중불함량적중위수위1.31mg/kg,범위위0.43～ 2.00 mg/kg;홍고옥미중불함량적중위수위10.49 mg/kg,범위위2.21～44.88 mg/kg,옥미홍고후불증가량범위위0.90～44.46 mg/kg.반매점토중적불함량여매니연소불석방량정정상관(r=0.714,P＜ 0.01);매니연소불석방량여홍고전후옥미불증가량미견상관(r=-0.155,P＞0.05).결론 점토시연매중불오염물석방적중요래원.홍고옥미중불오염정도불시유매니중불석방량소단독결정적,가능환수도다충인소적영향.
Objective To study the real releasing of fluorine (F) and its effects on environmen in coalburning-borne fluorosis areas.Methods The coal,clay,briquette,cinder,fresh corn and roasted corn samples from 24 households were collected systematically in Zhaotong of City,Yunnan Province,and the F concentration in all samples was measured using the combustion hydrolysis/fluoride-ion selective electrode method,and the released amount and rate of F in briquette was calculated,and the relation between the released amount of F from briquette and the increase of F in roasted corn was analyzed.Results The F concentration of clay ranged from 266.4 to 2 536.7 mg/kg with a median of 1 087.1 mg/kg;the F concentration of briquette ranged from 115.9 to 635.0 mg/kg with a median of 308.8 mg/kg.The released amount of F in briquette ranged from 63.5 to 432.2 mg/kg with a median of 248.2 mg/kg.The releasing rate of F in briquette ranged from 30.3％ to 91.5％ with a average of 73.8％.The F concentration in fresh corn ranged from 0.43 to 2.00 mg/kg with a median of 1.31 mg/kg;the F concentration in roasted corn ranged from 2.21 to 44.88 mg/kg with a median of 10.49 mg/kg.The increased amount of roasted corn ranged 0.90 to 44.46 mg/kg.There was a significant correlation between the emission amounts of F from briquette and the F concentration in binder clay (r =0.714,P ＜ 0.01),but no correlation between the released amount of F from briquette and the increasing of F in roasted corn (r =-0.155,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The clay is an important source of F pollution,and the F increase in roasted corn is not only determined by the released amount of F in briquette,but also by several factors.
