目的 研究土地利用与土地覆被构型及其变化与鼠疫流行之间的关系.方法 选择内蒙古赤峰市的市区及敖汉旗、阿鲁科尔沁旗、翁牛特旗作为达乌尔黄鼠疫源地的典型区域,收集鼠密度和动物鼠疫流行资料,以及1986、1995、2000年土地利用数据.以鼠密度高低和动物鼠疫是否流行作为衡量鼠疫流行风险大小的指标.利用ArcGIS 9.3软件计算土地类型结构百分比、综合土地覆被变化度(R总)、鼠疫适宜生境草地的分离度指数,采用对比分析的方法,研究土地利用、土地覆被变化与鼠疫流行之间的关系.结果1982-2000年,赤峰市市区和敖汉旗的鼠密度均＜0.4只/hm2,未监测到动物鼠疫的流行,属于鼠疫流行低风险区;1982-2000年阿鲁科尔沁旗的鼠密度＞1.0只/hm2,监测到动物鼠疫的流行,属于鼠疫流行高风险区;1982-1990年翁牛特旗鼠密度均＜0.3只/hm2,1991年以后,鼠密度升高,其中,1991、1995-1997年鼠密度均＞1.0只/hm2,并监测到动物鼠疫的流行,亦属于鼠疫流行高风险区;1986、1995及2000年,翁牛特旗、阿鲁科尔沁旗草地面积比例(51.36％、49.14％、48.28％,56.97％、57.48％、57.44％)均高于赤峰市市区和敖汉旗(35.99％、33.24％、32.95％,38.94％、34.46％、31.31％),而耕地面积(16.81％、18.78％、20.22％,13.28％、14.92％、15.15％)均低于赤峰市市区和敖汉旗(39.73％、42.25％、42.67％,41.21％、43.99％、49.53％);1986与1995年、1995与2000年比较,敖汉旗R总最大,分别为0.53、1.11,而阿鲁科尔沁旗R总均最小,分别为0.22、0.05;阿鲁科尔沁旗草地分离度指数最低,1986、1995及2000年分别为0.29、0.28、0.29;敖汉旗草地分离度指数较高,并呈上升趋势,1986、1995及2000年分别为0.57、0.69、0.71.结论 土地利用与土地覆被类型的结构和空间格局与鼠疫流行之间有一定的关联.
目的 研究土地利用與土地覆被構型及其變化與鼠疫流行之間的關繫.方法 選擇內矇古赤峰市的市區及敖漢旂、阿魯科爾沁旂、翁牛特旂作為達烏爾黃鼠疫源地的典型區域,收集鼠密度和動物鼠疫流行資料,以及1986、1995、2000年土地利用數據.以鼠密度高低和動物鼠疫是否流行作為衡量鼠疫流行風險大小的指標.利用ArcGIS 9.3軟件計算土地類型結構百分比、綜閤土地覆被變化度(R總)、鼠疫適宜生境草地的分離度指數,採用對比分析的方法,研究土地利用、土地覆被變化與鼠疫流行之間的關繫.結果1982-2000年,赤峰市市區和敖漢旂的鼠密度均＜0.4隻/hm2,未鑑測到動物鼠疫的流行,屬于鼠疫流行低風險區;1982-2000年阿魯科爾沁旂的鼠密度＞1.0隻/hm2,鑑測到動物鼠疫的流行,屬于鼠疫流行高風險區;1982-1990年翁牛特旂鼠密度均＜0.3隻/hm2,1991年以後,鼠密度升高,其中,1991、1995-1997年鼠密度均＞1.0隻/hm2,併鑑測到動物鼠疫的流行,亦屬于鼠疫流行高風險區;1986、1995及2000年,翁牛特旂、阿魯科爾沁旂草地麵積比例(51.36％、49.14％、48.28％,56.97％、57.48％、57.44％)均高于赤峰市市區和敖漢旂(35.99％、33.24％、32.95％,38.94％、34.46％、31.31％),而耕地麵積(16.81％、18.78％、20.22％,13.28％、14.92％、15.15％)均低于赤峰市市區和敖漢旂(39.73％、42.25％、42.67％,41.21％、43.99％、49.53％);1986與1995年、1995與2000年比較,敖漢旂R總最大,分彆為0.53、1.11,而阿魯科爾沁旂R總均最小,分彆為0.22、0.05;阿魯科爾沁旂草地分離度指數最低,1986、1995及2000年分彆為0.29、0.28、0.29;敖漢旂草地分離度指數較高,併呈上升趨勢,1986、1995及2000年分彆為0.57、0.69、0.71.結論 土地利用與土地覆被類型的結構和空間格跼與鼠疫流行之間有一定的關聯.
목적 연구토지이용여토지복피구형급기변화여서역류행지간적관계.방법 선택내몽고적봉시적시구급오한기、아로과이심기、옹우특기작위체오이황서역원지적전형구역,수집서밀도화동물서역류행자료,이급1986、1995、2000년토지이용수거.이서밀도고저화동물서역시부류행작위형량서역류행풍험대소적지표.이용ArcGIS 9.3연건계산토지류형결구백분비、종합토지복피변화도(R총)、서역괄의생경초지적분리도지수,채용대비분석적방법,연구토지이용、토지복피변화여서역류행지간적관계.결과1982-2000년,적봉시시구화오한기적서밀도균＜0.4지/hm2,미감측도동물서역적류행,속우서역류행저풍험구;1982-2000년아로과이심기적서밀도＞1.0지/hm2,감측도동물서역적류행,속우서역류행고풍험구;1982-1990년옹우특기서밀도균＜0.3지/hm2,1991년이후,서밀도승고,기중,1991、1995-1997년서밀도균＞1.0지/hm2,병감측도동물서역적류행,역속우서역류행고풍험구;1986、1995급2000년,옹우특기、아로과이심기초지면적비례(51.36％、49.14％、48.28％,56.97％、57.48％、57.44％)균고우적봉시시구화오한기(35.99％、33.24％、32.95％,38.94％、34.46％、31.31％),이경지면적(16.81％、18.78％、20.22％,13.28％、14.92％、15.15％)균저우적봉시시구화오한기(39.73％、42.25％、42.67％,41.21％、43.99％、49.53％);1986여1995년、1995여2000년비교,오한기R총최대,분별위0.53、1.11,이아로과이심기R총균최소,분별위0.22、0.05;아로과이심기초지분리도지수최저,1986、1995급2000년분별위0.29、0.28、0.29;오한기초지분리도지수교고,병정상승추세,1986、1995급2000년분별위0.57、0.69、0.71.결론 토지이용여토지복피류형적결구화공간격국여서역류행지간유일정적관련.
Objective To study the relationship between land use/cover structure and changes and risk of plague prevalence.Methods Chifeng,Aohan,Alukeerqin and Wengniute were selected as typical areas of Spermophilus Dauricus plague foci in Inner Mongolia,density of Spermophilus Dauricus,plague epidemic and land use data in 1986,1995,2000 were collected,and risk of plague prevalence was represented by the density of Spermophilus Dauricus and epizooty of Spermophilus Dauricus.The percentage of land type structure,change degree of integrated land cover,division index of grassland for plague suitable habitat were calculated with ArcGIS 9.3.The relationship between the land use,cover change and the plague epidemic were analyzed by the methods of comparative.Results From 1982 to 2000,the density of Spermophilus Dauricus was lower than 0.4/hm2 and no epizooty of Spermophilus Dauricus was observed both in Aohan Banner and Chifeng City,which indicated low risk of plague prevalence.Contrarily,from 1982 to 2000,the density of Spermophilus Dauricus was higher than 1.0/hm2,and epizooty of Spermophilus Dauricus was prevalent in Alukerqin Banner,which implied high risk of plague prevalence.In Wenguiute Banner,the density of Spermophilus Dauricus was lower than 0.3/hm2 from 1982 to 1990,after then showed a rising trend,reached higher than 1.0/hm2 in 1991,1995-1997,and epizooty of Spermophilus Dauricus was also monitored,which denoted high risk of plague prevalence;In 1986,1995 and 2000,the proportions of grassland of Wengniute Banner,Alukerqinqi Banner (51.36％,49.14％,48.28％;56.97％,57.48％,57.44％) were much higher than Chifeng and Aohan Banner (35.99％,33.24％,32.95％;38.94％,34.46％,31.31％),but those of arable land (16.81％,18.78％,20.22％;13.28％,14.92％,15.15％) were lower than Chifeng and Aohan Banner (39.73％,42.25％,42.67％;41.21％,43.99％,49.53％).The highest of comprehensively dynamic degree of land cover changes appeared in Aohan Banner,and it was 0.53 and 1.11 in 1986 vs.1995 and 1995 vs.2000,respectively,and the lowest in Alukeerqin Banner,it was 0.22 and 0.05 during those periods.The grassland division index in Alukeerqin Banner was the lowest,which was 0.29 in 1986,0.28 in 1995,and 0.29 in 2000.The grassland division index was higher and showed a upward trends in Aohan Banner,which was 0.57 in 1986,0.69 in 1995 and 0.71 in 2000.Conclusion There is a certain relation between risk of plague prevalence and land use/cover structure and changes.
