CAJ | 학술논문

低极轨卫星具有轨道周期短、对地观测分辨率高等优点,但由于所在轨道大气阻力大,其使用寿命受到较大限制.文章提出采用水平结构电动绳系抵消低极轨卫星大气阻力的方法,通过系绳电流与地球磁场相互作用产生洛仑兹力进行推进,进而在无燃料消耗的情况下实现对低极轨卫星轨道高度的维持.初步分析了该方法在低极轨不同尺寸卫星中的应用潜力,计算了160、400和800 km典型高度低极轨卫星所经历的地球磁场、电离层和高层大气环境相关参数变化,比较了不同条件下电动绳系推力与大气阻力大小随轨道位置的变化.分析结果表明,该方法适用于400 km轨道高度以上大卫星;在满足一定系绳长度和轨道高度的条件下,电动绳系可以有效延长低极轨卫星的轨道寿命.
저겁궤위성구유궤도주기단、대지관측분변솔고등우점,단유우소재궤도대기조력대,기사용수명수도교대한제.문장제출채용수평결구전동승계저소저겁궤위성대기조력적방법,통과계승전류여지구자장상호작용산생락륜자력진행추진,진이재무연료소모적정황하실현대저겁궤위성궤도고도적유지.초보분석료해방법재저겁궤불동척촌위성중적응용잠력,계산료160、400화800 km전형고도저겁궤위성소경력적지구자장、전리층화고층대기배경상관삼수변화,비교료불동조건하전동승계추력여대기조력대소수궤도위치적변화.분석결과표명,해방법괄용우400 km궤도고도이상대위성;재만족일정계승장도화궤도고도적조건하,전동승계가이유효연장저겁궤위성적궤도수명.
The low altitude polar orbit satellite has the advantages of short orbital period and high resolution observation on the ground. However, the high atmosphere drag force shortens its orbital life, which restricts its applications. In this paper, we propose to increase the low polar satellite's orbital lifetime by using a horizontal direction electrodynamic tether. We analyze the possibility of its application in low polar orbit satellites with different sizes at three typical altitudes (160km, 400km and 800km). The magnetic field strength, the electron density and the atmosphere density are calculated by tracking the satellite's motion. By comparing the tether's Lorenz forces and the satellite's atmospheric drag forces, it is shown that the horizontal direction electrodynamic tether can increase the orbital lifetime for low polar orbit satellites within a limit of the tether length, the orbit altitude and the satellite's size, and is especially suitable for large satellites at the altitude above 400km.