CAJ | 학술논문

沉生植物对维护和提高湖泊生态系统的生物多样性和稳定性，控制湖泊富营养化具有重要生态价值。对于可在水面形成致密冠层的沉水植物，生物量过大时可能会对水体功能产生不利的影响。实验通过对菹草（Potamogeton crispus）+金鱼藻（Ceratophyllum demersum）群落中菹草在春季暴发时采取不同菹草收割强度（100%、80%、60%、40%、20%和0%的收割）进行生物量控制。每种收割处理均在底泥厚度为15 cm，水深为110 cm独立实验池中（4 m长×2 m宽×2.5 m深）进行。实验研究生物量调控对冬季种菹草与春季种金鱼藻交替及水质的影响，探讨群落中菹草的最佳生物量控制强度，为草型湖泊进行沉水植物生态管理提供依据。结果表明：在40%、20%和0%（未收割）菹草收割强度处理下菹草容易产生断枝并且整株上浮，更高强度的收割减小了植株受到的浮力，促进了群落中菹草和金鱼藻的生长，并延长了菹草的生命周期，推迟了菹草的上浮时间。菹草遮光效应在一定程度上促进了金鱼藻的生长，中等偏高强度的菹草收割使得菹草和金鱼藻均处在较高的生物量水平，维持了群落的稳定性。在菹草生长期对其进行60%~80%收割可维持水体营养盐在较低的水平，并能实现冬季种沉水植物菹草与春季种沉水植物金鱼藻在群落中有效交替，可缓解存留菹草衰亡给水质带来的不利影响，强化沉水植物群落的水质净化功能。
침생식물대유호화제고호박생태계통적생물다양성화은정성，공제호박부영양화구유중요생태개치。대우가재수면형성치밀관층적침수식물，생물량과대시가능회대수체공능산생불리적영향。실험통과대저초（Potamogeton crispus）+금어조（Ceratophyllum demersum）군락중저초재춘계폭발시채취불동저초수할강도（100%、80%、60%、40%、20%화0%적수할）진행생물량공제。매충수할처리균재저니후도위15 cm，수심위110 cm독립실험지중（4 m장×2 m관×2.5 m심）진행。실험연구생물량조공대동계충저초여춘계충금어조교체급수질적영향，탐토군락중저초적최가생물량공제강도，위초형호박진행침수식물생태관리제공의거。결과표명：재40%、20%화0%（미수할）저초수할강도처리하저초용역산생단지병차정주상부，경고강도적수할감소료식주수도적부력，촉진료군락중저초화금어조적생장，병연장료저초적생명주기，추지료저초적상부시간。저초차광효응재일정정도상촉진료금어조적생장，중등편고강도적저초수할사득저초화금어조균처재교고적생물량수평，유지료군락적은정성。재저초생장기대기진행60%~80%수할가유지수체영양염재교저적수평，병능실현동계충침수식물저초여춘계충침수식물금어조재군락중유효교체，가완해존류저초쇠망급수질대래적불리영향，강화침수식물군락적수질정화공능。
Submerged macrophytes are extremely important because they serve multiple ecological functions. The submerged macrophytes, called canopy formers, are notorious for forming dense mats of “topped-out” vegetation that can displace native plants, impede navigation, and reduce the aesthetic enjoyment of affected aquatic systems because the biomass disproportionately concentrates near the water surface. An experiment of biomass regulation was conducted in the rapid growth stage of submerged macrophytes under different harvest intensities (100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20% and 0% harvesting Potamogeton crispus ) inP. crispus-Ceratophyllum demersum community. Each harvest intensity was manipulated in a separate concrete water pond (4 m long, 2 m wide and 2.5 m deep) independently, with sediment thickness of 15 cm, and water depth of 110 cm. The effects of biomass regulation on the alternation of winter-spring species, and the water quality by harvest was studied. The objectives of this study were to discuss the best harvest intensity in the community, and provide a scientific basis for ecosystem management of submerged plants in the submerged plants dominated lakes. The results showed thatP. crispus were floated on the water under harvest intensity of 40%, 20% and 0% (no harvesting), and higher harvest intensity decreased the buoyancy ofP. crispus, extended the life cycle ofP. crispus and postponed the floating date. The proper shading on water bodies byP. crispus promoted the growth of C. demersum, and high harvest intensity promoted the growth of bothP. crispus andC. demersum to maintain the stability of the community. The nutrient of water can be maintained at a low level under harvest intensity of 60% to 80% in the growth phase of P. crispus which can achieve efficacious alternation of winter-species P. crispus and spring-species C. demersum in the community. Harvesting alleviated adverse effects of theP. crispus decline to water quality, and consolidated the water purification function of submerged plant community.