天津科技大学学报
天津科技大學學報
천진과기대학학보
JOURNAL OF TIANJIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
2015年
4期
8-12
,共5页
杨宗政%熊发%袁雪竹%段鲁娟%曹井国
楊宗政%熊髮%袁雪竹%段魯娟%曹井國
양종정%웅발%원설죽%단로연%조정국
化工行业%突发事故%统计分析%变化趋势%事故等级金字塔
化工行業%突髮事故%統計分析%變化趨勢%事故等級金字塔
화공행업%돌발사고%통계분석%변화추세%사고등급금자탑
chemical industry%sudden incidents%statistics analysis%changing trend%accident pyramid
搜集1972—2011年间我国发生的化工行业突发大气污染事故案例,针对非交通运输源事故,分别从发生环节、污染物质、发生时间3个角度进行统计分析,深入探讨各个环节所发生事故的具体原因,指出事故发生量和等级变化趋势.结果表明:贮存环节和生产环节是事故多发环节,事故类型以爆炸泄漏事故为主,每年的二、三季度为事故多发季,氯气、硫化氢、一氧化碳、氨气、苯及苯系物 5 类物质泄漏频次最多、伤亡量最大,事故平均死亡人数在统计区间内呈现先升高后降低的年际变化趋势,事故等级金字塔由底部小中间大的较大事故高发型向底部大上部小的较小事故高发型演变.结合上述分析结果,从生产者的角度提出了防范措施及建议.
搜集1972—2011年間我國髮生的化工行業突髮大氣汙染事故案例,針對非交通運輸源事故,分彆從髮生環節、汙染物質、髮生時間3箇角度進行統計分析,深入探討各箇環節所髮生事故的具體原因,指齣事故髮生量和等級變化趨勢.結果錶明:貯存環節和生產環節是事故多髮環節,事故類型以爆炸洩漏事故為主,每年的二、三季度為事故多髮季,氯氣、硫化氫、一氧化碳、氨氣、苯及苯繫物 5 類物質洩漏頻次最多、傷亡量最大,事故平均死亡人數在統計區間內呈現先升高後降低的年際變化趨勢,事故等級金字塔由底部小中間大的較大事故高髮型嚮底部大上部小的較小事故高髮型縯變.結閤上述分析結果,從生產者的角度提齣瞭防範措施及建議.
수집1972—2011년간아국발생적화공행업돌발대기오염사고안례,침대비교통운수원사고,분별종발생배절、오염물질、발생시간3개각도진행통계분석,심입탐토각개배절소발생사고적구체원인,지출사고발생량화등급변화추세.결과표명:저존배절화생산배절시사고다발배절,사고류형이폭작설루사고위주,매년적이、삼계도위사고다발계,록기、류화경、일양화탄、안기、분급분계물 5 류물질설루빈차최다、상망량최대,사고평균사망인수재통계구간내정현선승고후강저적년제변화추세,사고등급금자탑유저부소중간대적교대사고고발형향저부대상부소적교소사고고발형연변.결합상술분석결과,종생산자적각도제출료방범조시급건의.
Sudden atmospheric pollution cases in domestic chemical industry(1972-2011)were collected. Non-transport sourced cases were analyzed from three perspectives:occurring links,pollutants and the time of occurrence. The causes,the variation tendency of accidents' amount and grade were discussed. The results showed that storage and production were two accident-prone links;explosion and leakage were the main types of accidents;most cases were in the second and third quar-ters of the year;and chlorine,hydrogen sulfide,carbon monoxide,ammonia,benzene and BTEX caused most leakageand also the most destructive accidents.Within the statistical range,the annual death of per accident rises at first and goes down later. As time progresses,the accident range pyramid changes from the one with a small bottom and a big middle to the one with a big bottom and a small top. According to the above analysis results,some preventingmeasures and suggestions were proposed for possible producers.