CAJ | 학술논문

对羟基苯甲酸酯类防腐剂是目前应用最广泛的防腐抗菌剂，它们可以通过工业废水、生活污水以及大气沉降等方式进入水体。但是近年来的研究发现该类物质很可能是一种内分泌干扰物，而其在国内自然水体中的研究中还没有得到相应的重视。为了研究河流中对羟基苯甲酸酯类防腐剂的污染状况，于2012年12月对广州市内的航道和河涌分别进行采样，并采用液液萃取-气质联用的方法对其中的对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯等5种常见的防腐剂进行含量检测与分析。结果表明：（1）31个采样点中均有防腐剂检出，含量的范围为1.33~21.34 ng·L-1，说明对羟基苯甲酸酯类防腐剂在广州市内的河流水体中普遍存在；（2）河流水体中防腐剂主要存在于溶解相中，其中航道水体中溶解相的平均含量为4.72 ng·L-1，而颗粒相的平均含量仅为0.93 ng·L-1；河涌水体中溶解相的平均含量为7.36 ng·L-1，颗粒相的平均含量为0.64 ng·L-1；（3）广州市内航道水体中防腐剂的平均含量为5.65 ng·L-1，其中珠江前航道水体的含量最高，平均含量达到8.10 ng·L-1，其次是后航道，平均含量为6.50 ng·L-1；河涌水体中的防腐剂含量高于航道水体，其平均含量达到8.00 ng·L-1；（4）广州市内的航道水体与河涌水体中防腐剂的构成较为一致，含量最高的3种防腐剂均为对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯以及对羟基苯甲酸甲酯。
대간기분갑산지류방부제시목전응용최엄범적방부항균제，타문가이통과공업폐수、생활오수이급대기침강등방식진입수체。단시근년래적연구발현해류물질흔가능시일충내분비간우물，이기재국내자연수체중적연구중환몰유득도상응적중시。위료연구하류중대간기분갑산지류방부제적오염상황，우2012년12월대엄주시내적항도화하용분별진행채양，병채용액액췌취-기질련용적방법대기중적대간기분갑산갑지、대간기분갑산을지등5충상견적방부제진행함량검측여분석。결과표명：（1）31개채양점중균유방부제검출，함량적범위위1.33~21.34 ng·L-1，설명대간기분갑산지류방부제재엄주시내적하류수체중보편존재；（2）하류수체중방부제주요존재우용해상중，기중항도수체중용해상적평균함량위4.72 ng·L-1，이과립상적평균함량부위0.93 ng·L-1；하용수체중용해상적평균함량위7.36 ng·L-1，과립상적평균함량위0.64 ng·L-1；（3）엄주시내항도수체중방부제적평균함량위5.65 ng·L-1，기중주강전항도수체적함량최고，평균함량체도8.10 ng·L-1，기차시후항도，평균함량위6.50 ng·L-1；하용수체중적방부제함량고우항도수체，기평균함량체도8.00 ng·L-1；（4）엄주시내적항도수체여하용수체중방부제적구성교위일치，함량최고적3충방부제균위대간기분갑산병지、대간기분갑산정지이급대간기분갑산갑지。
Parabens are the most widely used preservatives at present, which release into the aquatic environment in the form of industrial wastewater, domestic sewage, atmospheric deposition and so on. In recent years, studies have shown that parabens are very likely to be the endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Nevertheless, the related research in domestic natural water has not been highly concerned. Aiming to explore the pollution status of the rivers of Guangzhou, 31 water samples were collected from the Pearl River and the urban waterway in December 2012, and the method of GC/MS with liquid-liquid extraction is adopted to detect and analyze the contents of parabens. The results show that: parabens were detected from all the sampling sites of Guangzhou with the concentration ranging from 1.33~21.34 ng·L-1, suggesting that parabens are widespread in the surface water. Parabens mainly exist in aquatic matter. For the Pearl River, the average content of parabens in aquatic matter is 4.72 ng·L-1, while that in particle matter is 0.93 ng·L-1. For the urban waterway, the average content in aquatic matter is 7.36 ng·L-1, while that in particle matter is 0.64 ng·L-1. As a whole, the average content of parabens in the Pearl River is 5.65 ng·L-1. Among all the Pearl River in Guangzhou, the content of parabens in the front channel is the highest with an average of 8.10 ng·L-1, followed by the back channel of 6.50 ng·L-1. The content of parabens in the urban waterway is higher than the Pearl River,with an average of 8.00 ng·L-1. Finally, The composition of parabens is consistent in the Pearl River and the urban waterway, and the three kinds of parabens with highest levels are PP, BP and MP.