渔业科学进展
漁業科學進展
어업과학진전
MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH
2015年
4期
21-26
,共6页
吴斌%方春林%张燕萍%傅培峰%陈文静%熊小英%周辉明%贺刚%王生%王庆萍
吳斌%方春林%張燕萍%傅培峰%陳文靜%熊小英%週輝明%賀剛%王生%王慶萍
오빈%방춘림%장연평%부배봉%진문정%웅소영%주휘명%하강%왕생%왕경평
翘嘴鳜%FiSAT II%生物学参数%资源量%鄱阳湖
翹嘴鱖%FiSAT II%生物學參數%資源量%鄱暘湖
교취궐%FiSAT II%생물학삼수%자원량%파양호
Siniperca chuatsi%FiSAT II%Biological parameters%Resource%Poyang Lake
研究基于鄱阳湖渔业资源调查数据，运用软件 FiSAT II 对翘嘴鳜的生物学参数及其资源量进行了初步估算。结果显示，鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜体长范围为77-526 mm；体长和体重的关系式为 W =1.888′10-5L3.042(R2=0.951, n=577)，von Bertalanffy 生长方程的各参数为：渐进体长 L∞=551.25 mm，生长系数 K =0.210，理论生长起点年龄 t0=-0.601。总死亡系数 Z=1.06/a，自然死亡系数 M=0.44/a，捕捞死亡系数 F=0.62/a，最适开捕体长为150 mm。鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜开发率 E =0.58，处于资源过度利用状态。鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜的初始资源量估算高达1.92′104 t，最大可持续产量 MSY 为4384.93 t。鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜群体中补充群体和低龄剩余群体的比例明显增加，低龄化和小型化趋势凸显，资源衰退问题突出，但生长潜力依然存在。应采取降低对鄱阳湖翘嘴鳜繁殖群体的捕捞强度、保护产卵场等积极措施来保护这一珍贵的渔业资源。
研究基于鄱暘湖漁業資源調查數據，運用軟件 FiSAT II 對翹嘴鱖的生物學參數及其資源量進行瞭初步估算。結果顯示，鄱暘湖翹嘴鱖體長範圍為77-526 mm；體長和體重的關繫式為 W =1.888′10-5L3.042(R2=0.951, n=577)，von Bertalanffy 生長方程的各參數為：漸進體長 L∞=551.25 mm，生長繫數 K =0.210，理論生長起點年齡 t0=-0.601。總死亡繫數 Z=1.06/a，自然死亡繫數 M=0.44/a，捕撈死亡繫數 F=0.62/a，最適開捕體長為150 mm。鄱暘湖翹嘴鱖開髮率 E =0.58，處于資源過度利用狀態。鄱暘湖翹嘴鱖的初始資源量估算高達1.92′104 t，最大可持續產量 MSY 為4384.93 t。鄱暘湖翹嘴鱖群體中補充群體和低齡剩餘群體的比例明顯增加，低齡化和小型化趨勢凸顯，資源衰退問題突齣，但生長潛力依然存在。應採取降低對鄱暘湖翹嘴鱖繁殖群體的捕撈彊度、保護產卵場等積極措施來保護這一珍貴的漁業資源。
연구기우파양호어업자원조사수거，운용연건 FiSAT II 대교취궐적생물학삼수급기자원량진행료초보고산。결과현시，파양호교취궐체장범위위77-526 mm；체장화체중적관계식위 W =1.888′10-5L3.042(R2=0.951, n=577)，von Bertalanffy 생장방정적각삼수위：점진체장 L∞=551.25 mm，생장계수 K =0.210，이론생장기점년령 t0=-0.601。총사망계수 Z=1.06/a，자연사망계수 M=0.44/a，포로사망계수 F=0.62/a，최괄개포체장위150 mm。파양호교취궐개발솔 E =0.58，처우자원과도이용상태。파양호교취궐적초시자원량고산고체1.92′104 t，최대가지속산량 MSY 위4384.93 t。파양호교취궐군체중보충군체화저령잉여군체적비례명현증가，저령화화소형화추세철현，자원쇠퇴문제돌출，단생장잠력의연존재。응채취강저대파양호교취궐번식군체적포로강도、보호산란장등적겁조시래보호저일진귀적어업자원。
Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a rare and precious economic species of freshwater fish with a long standing reputation because of its fast growth, meat delicate, delicious and nutrient rich. The mature artificial propagation technology has created good conditions for Siniperca chuatsi large- scale cultivation since 1980 s. However, the wild Siniperca chuatsi population is declining due to over exploitation and environmental pollution in their habitat, which may cause the decline of genetic diversity. Mandarin fish is one of abundant species in Poyang Lake and plays an important role in the lake ecosystem. Based on Poyang Lake fishery resources investigation data, we assessed biological parameters and stock biomass of Siniperca chuatsi using FiSAT II software. The results indicated that the length of Siniperca chuatsi population ranged from 77 to 526 mm, and that the relationship between body length (mm) and body weight (g) can be expressed as W = 1.888′10-5L3.042(R2=0.951, n = 577). The estimated parameter for von Bertalanffy growth equation was L∞= 551.25 mm, K= 0.210, and t0 = -0.601. Total mortality (Z) was 1.06 a-1; natural mortality was (M) 0.44 a-1; fishing mortality (F) was 0.62 a-1; the optimum catchable size was 150 cm. The exploitation rate was 0.58, which is in the situation of over exploitation. The initial stock of Siniperca chuatsi in the Poyang Lake was up to 1.92′104 tons, and the Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) was 4384.93 tons. The recruitment and young surplus populations of the spawning stock increased significantly in the reproductive population. Low-age and miniaturization tendency was obvious; however, the growth potential was still high based on the growth equation. The results suggest that active strategies such as reducing fishing intensity of the reproductive population and protecting the spawning grounds are imperative to maintain this precious fishery resources.
