CAJ | 학술논문

为了降低棉粕的毒性及最大限度地提取棉酚,以棉仁为原料,以甲醇为溶剂,采用溶剂浸出法对棉仁中游离棉酚的提取工艺进行研究。在单因素试验的基础上,通过响应面法对工艺条件进行优化。结果显示各因素影响游离棉酚提取率的主次顺序为：提取时间>料液比>提取温度>搅拌速率；得到的最佳工艺条件为：料液比1∶24,提取温度35℃,提取时间42 min,搅拌速率2600 r/min,提取次数2次(即先以料液比1∶12提取,提取21 min,再以料液比1∶12提取,提取21 min)；在最佳工艺条件下,游离棉酚的提取率为68.9%±0.81%,其纯度为81.9%±0.85%。此时,棉粕中游离棉酚残留量为839.7 mg/kg,小于饲料卫生标准(GB 13078—2001)中所规定的棉籽饼、粕中允许的游离棉酚最大残留量1200 mg/kg。
위료강저면박적독성급최대한도지제취면분,이면인위원료,이갑순위용제,채용용제침출법대면인중유리면분적제취공예진행연구。재단인소시험적기출상,통과향응면법대공예조건진행우화。결과현시각인소영향유리면분제취솔적주차순서위：제취시간>료액비>제취온도>교반속솔；득도적최가공예조건위：료액비1∶24,제취온도35℃,제취시간42 min,교반속솔2600 r/min,제취차수2차(즉선이료액비1∶12제취,제취21 min,재이료액비1∶12제취,제취21 min)；재최가공예조건하,유리면분적제취솔위68.9%±0.81%,기순도위81.9%±0.85%。차시,면박중유리면분잔류량위839.7 mg/kg,소우사료위생표준(GB 13078—2001)중소규정적면자병、박중윤허적유리면분최대잔류량1200 mg/kg。
The extraction of free gossypol from cottonseed kernel by methanol was studied so as to reduce the toxicity of cottonseed meal and extract gossypol efficiently. On the basis of single factor experiment, the extraction conditions were optimized by response surface methodology. The results showed that extrac-tion time had the most significant effect on the extraction rate of free gossypol, followed by ratio of solid to liquid, extraction temperature and stirring rate; the optimal extraction conditions were obtained as fol-lows:ratio of solid to liquid 1∶24, extraction temperature 35℃, extraction time 42 min, stirring rate 2 600 r/min and extraction times twice(first extracting for 21 min with ratio of solid to liquid 1∶12, then also extracting for 21 min with ratio of solid to liquid 1∶12). Under the optimal conditions, the extraction rate and the purity of free gossypol reached 68. 9% ± 0. 81% and 81. 9% ± 0. 85% respectively, and the residue of free gossypol in cottonseed meal was 839. 7 mg/kg, which was lower than the allowed maxi-mum residue of free gossypol 1 200 mg/kg in cottonseed cake and cottonseed meal in hygienical standard for feeds ( GB 13078—2001 ) .