CAJ | 학술논문

采用纤维素分解菌肥、联合固氮菌肥、EM 混合菌肥3种微生物菌肥配以水分添加和划破草皮等方法对退化高寒小嵩草草甸进行土壤养分改良,以土壤中速效养分含量及 pH 变化评价改良状况。结果表明,退化高寒小嵩草草甸土壤中添加微生物菌肥+划破草皮处理与对照相比,没有明显改变0~20 cm土层速效磷含量、速效钾含量和 pH 剖面分布特征；不同微生物菌肥+划破草皮处理明显改变土壤中速效氮含量的分布特征,其中,EM 处理明显提高土壤表层硝态氮含量,CD 处理明显提高土壤中表层氨态氮含量,CD 和 EM 处理可以显著提高土壤表层速效氮(硝态氮+氨态氮)含量,但单纯划破草皮 G 处理只能改变不同形式的速效氮在土壤垂直剖面中的分布格局,没有明显提高土壤中速效养分含量。因此,采用 EM 和 CD 处理均可以改善土壤中速效氮缺乏的现状,但作用微弱,可能同选用的微生物菌肥在青藏高原高寒恶劣气候条件下活性变弱有关。筛选或分离适应高寒草甸生态系统生存的微生物菌肥再配以适宜的施用方法可改善退化草地土壤养分状况。
채용섬유소분해균비、연합고담균비、EM 혼합균비3충미생물균비배이수분첨가화화파초피등방법대퇴화고한소숭초초전진행토양양분개량,이토양중속효양분함량급 pH 변화평개개량상황。결과표명,퇴화고한소숭초초전토양중첨가미생물균비+화파초피처리여대조상비,몰유명현개변0~20 cm토층속효린함량、속효갑함량화 pH 부면분포특정；불동미생물균비+화파초피처리명현개변토양중속효담함량적분포특정,기중,EM 처리명현제고토양표층초태담함량,CD 처리명현제고토양중표층안태담함량,CD 화 EM 처리가이현저제고토양표층속효담(초태담+안태담)함량,단단순화파초피 G 처리지능개변불동형식적속효담재토양수직부면중적분포격국,몰유명현제고토양중속효양분함량。인차,채용 EM 화 CD 처리균가이개선토양중속효담결핍적현상,단작용미약,가능동선용적미생물균비재청장고원고한악렬기후조건하활성변약유관。사선혹분리괄응고한초전생태계통생존적미생물균비재배이괄의적시용방법가개선퇴화초지토양양분상황。
Utilizing cellulose decomposition,nitrogen fixation and EM microbial fertilizer and other alpine meadow soil improvement methods such as water addition and cut the mattic epipedon to investigate how the degradation alpine meadow soil nutrient dealt with those improvements,the results showed that:microbial fer-tilizer and other alpine meadow soil nutrients improvements methods did no effects on ameliorating available phosphorus,available potassium and pH value condition in 0~20 cm soil layer.While there were some effects on available nitrogen.EM microbial fertilizer + cut mattic epipedon treatment could enhance the nitrate content, cellulose decomposition microbial fertilizer + cut mattic epipedon treatment could increase the ammonia content in 0~5 cm soil layer.And cellulose decomposition microbial fertilizer + cut mattic epipedon treatment and EM microbial fertilizer + cut mattic epipedon treatment could raise the available nitrogen including the sum of am-monia and nitrate content.And cut mattic epipedon treate could not enhance the nitrogen in the 0 ~20 cm soil layer,but could chang the distribution on different soil layer.So using microbial fertilizer on soil and using the cut mattic epipedon method could improve the degradation alpine soil nutrient,but the effects were so little, maybe it was decreased the active of the microbial fertilizer in alpine meadow environment,because the environ-ment was so bad,and the most of microbial could not live in those environment.So in the next research,to choose the microbial fertilizer which can adapt alpine meadow environment is the most important study both in improving soil nutrient condition,and in restoring the degradation alpine meadows.