湖泊科学
湖泊科學
호박과학
JOURNAL OF LAKE SCIENCES
2015年
5期
819-828
,共10页
巨拓%黄廷林%马卫星%周子振
巨拓%黃廷林%馬衛星%週子振
거탁%황정림%마위성%주자진
深水型水库%热分层%扬水曝气%提前混合%水质改善%黑河水库
深水型水庫%熱分層%颺水曝氣%提前混閤%水質改善%黑河水庫
심수형수고%열분층%양수폭기%제전혼합%수질개선%흑하수고
Deep reservoir%thermal stratification%water-lifting aerator%mixed in advance%improvement of water quality%Heihe Reservoir
为了解深水型水库水体的热分层结构、水质特征及扬水曝气系统对水质的改善情况,对水温、溶解氧、pH、叶绿素a、营养盐、溶解性有机碳浓度等水质指标进行为期一年的监测,探讨各项指标的季节性变化规律.结果表明,黑河水库水体呈单循环混合模式,在310月形成自然热分层,水体的热分层导致相应水库水质明显分层.黑河水库为偏碱性水体,叶绿素a、总磷、总氮、铵态氮和溶解性有机碳浓度平均值分别为2.21μg/L、0.022 mg/L、1.32 mg/L、0.20 mg/L和2.93 mg/L,表明黑河水库处于中富营养状态.热分层期底部水体溶解氧浓度在0~7.9 mg/L之间,平均值为2.9 mg/L,氮磷质量比在41~100之间,表明黑河水库是一个底部季节性缺氧、高营养盐型水库.在水库自然热分层末期,应用扬水曝气技术,不仅改善了底部水体的厌氧/缺氧环境,抑制了厌氧/缺氧条件下内源污染物的释放和藻类的增殖,而且还使得水库水体提前混合,实现了强制混合与水体自然混合过程的有机衔接,延长了水质持续改善的作用时效,有效地改善了水环境,保障了安全供水.
為瞭解深水型水庫水體的熱分層結構、水質特徵及颺水曝氣繫統對水質的改善情況,對水溫、溶解氧、pH、葉綠素a、營養鹽、溶解性有機碳濃度等水質指標進行為期一年的鑑測,探討各項指標的季節性變化規律.結果錶明,黑河水庫水體呈單循環混閤模式,在310月形成自然熱分層,水體的熱分層導緻相應水庫水質明顯分層.黑河水庫為偏堿性水體,葉綠素a、總燐、總氮、銨態氮和溶解性有機碳濃度平均值分彆為2.21μg/L、0.022 mg/L、1.32 mg/L、0.20 mg/L和2.93 mg/L,錶明黑河水庫處于中富營養狀態.熱分層期底部水體溶解氧濃度在0~7.9 mg/L之間,平均值為2.9 mg/L,氮燐質量比在41~100之間,錶明黑河水庫是一箇底部季節性缺氧、高營養鹽型水庫.在水庫自然熱分層末期,應用颺水曝氣技術,不僅改善瞭底部水體的厭氧/缺氧環境,抑製瞭厭氧/缺氧條件下內源汙染物的釋放和藻類的增殖,而且還使得水庫水體提前混閤,實現瞭彊製混閤與水體自然混閤過程的有機銜接,延長瞭水質持續改善的作用時效,有效地改善瞭水環境,保障瞭安全供水.
위료해심수형수고수체적열분층결구、수질특정급양수폭기계통대수질적개선정황,대수온、용해양、pH、협록소a、영양염、용해성유궤탄농도등수질지표진행위기일년적감측,탐토각항지표적계절성변화규률.결과표명,흑하수고수체정단순배혼합모식,재310월형성자연열분층,수체적열분층도치상응수고수질명현분층.흑하수고위편감성수체,협록소a、총린、총담、안태담화용해성유궤탄농도평균치분별위2.21μg/L、0.022 mg/L、1.32 mg/L、0.20 mg/L화2.93 mg/L,표명흑하수고처우중부영양상태.열분층기저부수체용해양농도재0~7.9 mg/L지간,평균치위2.9 mg/L,담린질량비재41~100지간,표명흑하수고시일개저부계절성결양、고영양염형수고.재수고자연열분층말기,응용양수폭기기술,불부개선료저부수체적염양/결양배경,억제료염양/결양조건하내원오염물적석방화조류적증식,이차환사득수고수체제전혼합,실현료강제혼합여수체자연혼합과정적유궤함접,연장료수질지속개선적작용시효,유효지개선료수배경,보장료안전공수.
In order to understand the thermal stratification, the characteristics of the water quality and the application of water-lift-ing aerator system in the deep reservoir, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, chlorophyll-a, nutrient and dissolved organic carbon( DOC) were monitored in a whole year. The results showed that Heihe Reservoir belonged to single hybrid mode, and the natural thermal stratification period was from March to October. The thermal stratification led water quality stratifications. The chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and DOC average concentrations were 2. 21μg/L, 0. 022 mg/L, 1. 32 mg/L, 0. 20 mg/L and 2. 93 mg/L, respectively, which showed that Heihe Reservoir was mesotrophic. In the thermal stratifi-cation period, the dissolved oxygen in the underlying water ranged from 0 mg/L to 7. 9 mg/L, with an average of 2. 9 mg/L, and the ratio of N/P was between 41 and 100, which showed that Heihe Reservoir had a seasonal hypoxia, with high nutrient concen-trations. In the end of natural thermal stratification period, the application of water-lifting aerator technology can not only improve the bottom anaerobic/anoxic environment, and reduce the release of endogenous pollutants and the proliferation of algae, but also en-hance the water mixture.
