CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨儿童急性下呼吸道感染（ALRI）的相关危险因素，为其防治提供科学依据。方法计算机检索PubMed、Databases-Medline (Ovid)、Embase、CINAHL和Global Health Library、中国知网（CNKI）、维普（VIP）和万方数据库，查找有关儿童急性下呼吸道感染的危险因素的期刊与论文，检索时限均为1990年1月—2014年12月。根据文献纳入与排除标准，由2位评价员独立进行文献资料的筛选与提取并质量评价后，采用Stata 11.0软件进行Meta分析。结果对纳入的27篇文献进行Meta分析，结果显示，低出生体质量、缺乏充足的母乳喂养、房间拥挤、室内空气污染、营养不良、处于吸烟环境（或孕妇吸烟）和HIV接触史（未感染情况）与ALRI密切相关。结论上述7种危险因素在ALRI进程中起重要作用，还需进一步研究发现其他潜在的危险因素，以降低儿童ALRI的可能性。
목적：탐토인동급성하호흡도감염（ALRI）적상관위험인소，위기방치제공과학의거。방법계산궤검색PubMed、Databases-Medline (Ovid)、Embase、CINAHL화Global Health Library、중국지망（CNKI）、유보（VIP）화만방수거고，사조유관인동급성하호흡도감염적위험인소적기간여논문，검색시한균위1990년1월—2014년12월。근거문헌납입여배제표준，유2위평개원독립진행문헌자료적사선여제취병질량평개후，채용Stata 11.0연건진행Meta분석。결과대납입적27편문헌진행Meta분석，결과현시，저출생체질량、결핍충족적모유위양、방간옹제、실내공기오염、영양불량、처우흡연배경（혹잉부흡연）화HIV접촉사（미감염정황）여ALRI밀절상관。결론상술7충위험인소재ALRI진정중기중요작용，환수진일보연구발현기타잠재적위험인소，이강저인동ALRI적가능성。
Objective To identify the risk factors for severe acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in children and to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of ALRI. Methods Several databases including Pubmed, Databases-Medline (Ovid), Embase, CINAHL and Global Health Library, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Date were searched (1990.1-2014.12) for references. All selected studies were about risk factors of ALRI in children. The screening and quality evalua? tion of the literature data was conducted independently by two reviewers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stata 11.0 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results Meta-analysis of 27 included literature showed that seven risk fac?tors were significantly associated with severe ALRI:low birth weight, lack of exclusive breastfeeding, crowded household, ex?posure to indoor air pollution, malnutrition, living in a house with smokers or smoking in pregnant and HIV-exposed unin?fected condition. Conclusion The above seven risk factors play the important role in the development of ALRI in children. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for further studies investigating other potential risk factors to decrease the possibility of childhood ALRI.