CAJ | 학술논문

探索不同产区白术根腐病菌致病力特点和不同类型白术对根腐病的抗病性，为白术根腐病抗病育种及综合防治提供理论依据。以4种不同类型白术为鉴别寄主，对来源于3个白术产区的27株根腐病分离菌株进行致病力测定，根据4个鉴别寄主抗病反应和病情指数进行SPSS 19．0分层聚类分析，确定不同产区病原菌致病力类型及其分布。结果表明，27株分离菌接种不同类型白术后病情指数为18．2～100．0，平均病情指数32．5～88．7，根据分层聚类结果，供试菌株可分为强、中、弱3种致病力类型：强致病力菌株（Ⅰ）有12株，占44．4％；中等致病力菌株（Ⅱ）11株，占40．7％；弱致病力菌株（Ⅲ）4株，占14．8％。27株分离菌具有较为明显的地域特征，重庆产区分离菌的致病力最高，强致病力菌株占该地区菌株的66．7％，其次为湖北产区，最低为浙江产区，强致病力菌株仅占12．5％。根据4个类型白术对27个菌株的抗病反应及平均病情指数，其抗病性强弱依次为狭叶矮株＞阔叶矮株＞狭叶高株＞阔叶高株。综上，3个白术产区均具有强、中、弱不同致病力类型菌株，但菌株表现区域化特征；4种不同类型白术抗病性存在差异，各白术产区应制定针对性的品种选育及引种策略。
탐색불동산구백술근부병균치병력특점화불동류형백술대근부병적항병성，위백술근부병항병육충급종합방치제공이론의거。이4충불동류형백술위감별기주，대래원우3개백술산구적27주근부병분리균주진행치병력측정，근거4개감별기주항병반응화병정지수진행SPSS 19．0분층취류분석，학정불동산구병원균치병력류형급기분포。결과표명，27주분리균접충불동류형백술후병정지수위18．2～100．0，평균병정지수32．5～88．7，근거분층취류결과，공시균주가분위강、중、약3충치병력류형：강치병력균주（Ⅰ）유12주，점44．4％；중등치병력균주（Ⅱ）11주，점40．7％；약치병력균주（Ⅲ）4주，점14．8％。27주분리균구유교위명현적지역특정，중경산구분리균적치병력최고，강치병력균주점해지구균주적66．7％，기차위호북산구，최저위절강산구，강치병력균주부점12．5％。근거4개류형백술대27개균주적항병반응급평균병정지수，기항병성강약의차위협협왜주＞활협왜주＞협협고주＞활협고주。종상，3개백술산구균구유강、중、약불동치병력류형균주，단균주표현구역화특정；4충불동류형백술항병성존재차이，각백술산구응제정침대성적품충선육급인충책략。
A total of 27 different pathogen strains were isolated from the tissues of A.macrocephala which displayed symptoms of root rot in Chongqing,Hubei,Zhejiang provinces.Their pathogenic differentiation to four plant types was tested by artificial inoculation in greenhouse,and it was examined with hierarchical cluster combination by SPSS 19 .0 .The results showed that the disease index of the 27 strains pathogenicity ranged from 18.2 to 100.0,with 32.5—88.7 on average.According to the hierarchical clustering for the tested strains ’ pathogenicity, they were divided into three types: type Ⅰ( a severe virulence type) includes 12 strains,accounting for 44.4%; type Ⅱ( an intermediate one) includes 11 strains,accounting for 40.7%; and type Ⅲ( a mild one) includes 4 strains,accounting for 14.8%.The tested strains showed significant regional characteristics,in which the pathogenicity of Chongqing isolates was highest,with strong virulent strains accounting for 66.7%,followed by Hubei isolates,and the lowest for the Zhejiang isolates,with strong virulent strains accounting for only 12.5%.According to the disease resistance response of the four types of A.macrocephala to the 27 strains of pathogen, their resistance showed narrow leaf-short plant >broadleaved-short plant >narrow leaf-high plant >broadleaved-high plant.In conclusion,the different pathogenic strains of severe,intermediate,and mild virulence existed in all the three areas,but they showed regionalization characteristics;the resistance was different among the four types of A.macrocephala, so the planting areas need develop targeted breeding and introduction strategies.