广东海洋大学学报
廣東海洋大學學報
엄동해양대학학보
JOURNAL OF GUANGDONG OCEAN UNIVERSITY
2015年
4期
51-55,56
,共6页
梁飞龙%王钦贵%邓岳文%谢绍河
樑飛龍%王欽貴%鄧嶽文%謝紹河
량비룡%왕흠귀%산악문%사소하
大珠母贝%植核育珠%珠核规格%植核位置%贝龄
大珠母貝%植覈育珠%珠覈規格%植覈位置%貝齡
대주모패%식핵육주%주핵규격%식핵위치%패령
Pinctada maxima%round nucleated pearl production%nucleus size%nucleus implantation location%shell age
比较了珠核规格、植核位置和贝龄对大珠母贝(Pinctada maxima Jameson)游离珍珠培育的影响。结果表明：珠核规格、植核位置和贝龄对育珠贝成活率、成珠率和优质珠率存在显著影响（P <0.05），珠核直径5.0 mm组休养成活率和育珠成活率最高（90.0%和80.0%），8.0 mm 组最低（60.3%和68.0%），珠核直径6.0 mm 组成珠率和优质珠率最高（84.0%和38.0%），8.0 mm 组最低（43.3%和12.0%）；植核位置在性腺左侧（“左袋”）的育珠贝休养成活率、成珠率和优质珠率最高（88.0%、83.4%和38.0%），性腺左、右侧同时植核的育珠贝休养成活率最低（58.0%），右侧植核的成珠率和优质珠率最低（20.0%和12.7%）；2.5龄组休养期和育珠期的成活率、成珠率和优质珠率最高（92.0%、78.0%、82.0%和37.7%），4.0龄组最低（78.0%、63.0%、66.0%和24.0%）；大珠母贝最适宜育珠条件：“左袋”植核，首次植核规格为直径6.0 mm，贝龄2.5 a。
比較瞭珠覈規格、植覈位置和貝齡對大珠母貝(Pinctada maxima Jameson)遊離珍珠培育的影響。結果錶明：珠覈規格、植覈位置和貝齡對育珠貝成活率、成珠率和優質珠率存在顯著影響（P <0.05），珠覈直徑5.0 mm組休養成活率和育珠成活率最高（90.0%和80.0%），8.0 mm 組最低（60.3%和68.0%），珠覈直徑6.0 mm 組成珠率和優質珠率最高（84.0%和38.0%），8.0 mm 組最低（43.3%和12.0%）；植覈位置在性腺左側（“左袋”）的育珠貝休養成活率、成珠率和優質珠率最高（88.0%、83.4%和38.0%），性腺左、右側同時植覈的育珠貝休養成活率最低（58.0%），右側植覈的成珠率和優質珠率最低（20.0%和12.7%）；2.5齡組休養期和育珠期的成活率、成珠率和優質珠率最高（92.0%、78.0%、82.0%和37.7%），4.0齡組最低（78.0%、63.0%、66.0%和24.0%）；大珠母貝最適宜育珠條件：“左袋”植覈，首次植覈規格為直徑6.0 mm，貝齡2.5 a。
비교료주핵규격、식핵위치화패령대대주모패(Pinctada maxima Jameson)유리진주배육적영향。결과표명：주핵규격、식핵위치화패령대육주패성활솔、성주솔화우질주솔존재현저영향（P <0.05），주핵직경5.0 mm조휴양성활솔화육주성활솔최고（90.0%화80.0%），8.0 mm 조최저（60.3%화68.0%），주핵직경6.0 mm 조성주솔화우질주솔최고（84.0%화38.0%），8.0 mm 조최저（43.3%화12.0%）；식핵위치재성선좌측（“좌대”）적육주패휴양성활솔、성주솔화우질주솔최고（88.0%、83.4%화38.0%），성선좌、우측동시식핵적육주패휴양성활솔최저（58.0%），우측식핵적성주솔화우질주솔최저（20.0%화12.7%）；2.5령조휴양기화육주기적성활솔、성주솔화우질주솔최고（92.0%、78.0%、82.0%화37.7%），4.0령조최저（78.0%、63.0%、66.0%화24.0%）；대주모패최괄의육주조건：“좌대”식핵，수차식핵규격위직경6.0 mm，패령2.5 a。
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of nucleus size, nucleus implantation location and age on round nucleated pearl production performances of pearl oyster Pinctada maxima. The result showed that there were significant differences in the survival, pearl formation and perfect quality pearl rates among the groups (P < 0.05). The survival rates during recovery and farming period were the highest, with the values of 90.0% and 80.0% for 5.0 mm nucleus implanted and the lowest were 60.3%and 68.0% for 8.0mm nucleus implanted. The pearl formation and perfect quality pearl rates were the highest, with the values of 84.0% and 38.0% for 6.0 mm nucleus implanted and the lowest were 43.3%and 12.0% for 8.0mm nucleus implanted, respectively. The survival rates, pearl formation and perfect quality pearl rates of host oysters were highest, with the values of 88.0%, 83.4% and 38.0% for the left-sac(in the left side of the gonad) implanted oysters. The survival during recovery period was lowest at 58.0% for combination of left-sac (in the left side of the gonad) and right-sac (in the right side of the gonad) and the pearl formation and perfect quality pearl rates were lowest at 20.0% and 12.7% for rright-sac, respectively. The survival rates, pearl formation and perfect quality pearl rates of host oysters were highest, with the values of 92.0%, 78.0%, 82.0% and 37.7% for the 2.5 year-old oysters. The lowest were 78.0%, 63.0%, 66.0% and 24.0% for 4.0 year-old oysters, respectively. The results suggest that the nucleus <br> diameter size in 6.0 mm, the nucleus implantation location in left-sac of the gonad, and age of 2.5 year-old oysters can be optimum for round nucleated pearl production of Pinctada maxima.
