CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解临床实习不同阶段护生针刺伤的发生情况及其防护教育状况，为更好地开展护生职业防护教育提供可靠依据。方法整群抽取141名实习护生，采用自行设计的问卷对其进行调查。结果75.9%（107/141）的护生在实习期间发生过针刺伤；不同实习阶段针刺伤的发生情况不同，实习初期针刺伤的发生率最高为53.9%（76/141），与实习中期38.3%（54/141）、后期7.8%（11/141）相比，差异有统计学意义，χ2=216.14，P＜0.05。64.2%（88/141）～78.0%（110/141）的护生所在院校未进行针刺伤及其应急处理的职业防护相关培训，实习单位进行针刺伤、感染等防护教育培训者仅占48.9%（69/141）～55.3%（78/141）；实习前63.1%（89/141）的护生未进行预防性疫苗接种。结论护生在校学习期间以及实习前需进一步强化对针刺伤的防护相关教育，实习中医院及科室应建立完善相关防护监管制度，减少针刺伤的发生及其潜在的危害。
목적：료해림상실습불동계단호생침자상적발생정황급기방호교육상황，위경호지개전호생직업방호교육제공가고의거。방법정군추취141명실습호생，채용자행설계적문권대기진행조사。결과75.9%（107/141）적호생재실습기간발생과침자상；불동실습계단침자상적발생정황불동，실습초기침자상적발생솔최고위53.9%（76/141），여실습중기38.3%（54/141）、후기7.8%（11/141）상비，차이유통계학의의，χ2=216.14，P＜0.05。64.2%（88/141）～78.0%（110/141）적호생소재원교미진행침자상급기응급처리적직업방호상관배훈，실습단위진행침자상、감염등방호교육배훈자부점48.9%（69/141）～55.3%（78/141）；실습전63.1%（89/141）적호생미진행예방성역묘접충。결론호생재교학습기간이급실습전수진일보강화대침자상적방호상관교육，실습중의원급과실응건립완선상관방호감관제도，감소침자상적발생급기잠재적위해。
Objective To investigate the incidence of needle stick injuries of nursing students in different stages of clinical practice and occupational protective education to provide evidence for developing education strategies. Methods One hundred and forty-one nursing students were surveyed retrospectively by a self-designed questionnaire. Results A total of 75.9%(107/141) nursing students had been injured in clinical practice. The incidence of needle stick injuries varied in different stages of clinical practice. Compared with the middle and late stage of clinical practice, the incidence of needle stick injuries was highest in the early stage of clinical practice:53.9%(76/141) vs. 38.3%(54/141),7.8%(11/141),and there was significant difference, χ2=216.14, P<0.05.About 64.2%(88/141)-78.0%(110/141) nursing students had not received protective education on the needle stick injuries. Only 48.9%(69/141)-55.3%(78/141) of nursing students were given protective training on needle stick injuries in their practice hospitals. Before clinical practice, 63.1%(89/141) nursing students had not been vaccinated to prevent infective diseases. Conclusions To reduce the incidence of needle stick injuries and related potential risks of infection caused by injuries, it is necessary to strengthen pre-practice education on occupational protection among nursing students. Perfect supervision system should also be established in practice hospitals and clinic wards.