CAJ | 학술논문

肿瘤的发生、发展与表观遗传异常改变密切相关，其中5-胞嘧啶碱基甲基化(5-mC)和RNA的N6-甲基腺苷（m-6-A）是常见并极其重要的表观改变，具有高度保守性，几乎存在于所有生物体中，参与调控基因组稳定和表达，在分化发育和生殖过程中起有重要作用。研究发现DNA和RNA的高甲基化表观修饰在恶性肿瘤的发生、发展和侵袭转移中起重要作用。但这一过程可被一些去甲基化酶逆转，其中DNA去甲基化酶TET（ten-eleven translocation）酶家族和异柠檬酸脱氢酶（IDH）可催化5-mC成为5-羟甲基胞嘧啶，而RNA去甲基化酶肥胖风险基因和ALKBH5可逆转RNA的m-6-A修饰。本文综述DNA与RNA甲基化的生物学特征和机制及其在肿瘤中功能的研究进展。
종류적발생、발전여표관유전이상개변밀절상관，기중5-포밀정감기갑기화(5-mC)화RNA적N6-갑기선감（m-6-A）시상견병겁기중요적표관개변，구유고도보수성，궤호존재우소유생물체중，삼여조공기인조은정화표체，재분화발육화생식과정중기유중요작용。연구발현DNA화RNA적고갑기화표관수식재악성종류적발생、발전화침습전이중기중요작용。단저일과정가피일사거갑기화매역전，기중DNA거갑기화매TET（ten-eleven translocation）매가족화이저몽산탈경매（IDH）가최화5-mC성위5-간갑기포밀정，이RNA거갑기화매비반풍험기인화ALKBH5가역전RNA적m-6-A수식。본문종술DNA여RNA갑기화적생물학특정화궤제급기재종류중공능적연구진전。
Tumor development is closely related to abnormal epigenetic changes. The 5 position of cytosine (5-mC) and RNA N6-methyladenosine (m-6-A), which exist in almost all organisms and highly conserved, are common and extremely important epigenetic change in the regulation of genomic stability, gene expression, differentiation, development and reproductive. The study has shown that aberrant epigenetic alterations, including DNA and RNA hypermethylated modification, played an important role in the invasion and metastasis of malignant tumor. However, it can be reversed by some dehydrogenase, such as ten-eleven translocation (TET) family and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) which may convert 5-mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), and RNA demethylase obesity risk gene, fat mass and obesity-associated enzyme and ALKBH5 can reverse m-6-A of RNA. This paper reviews the biological characteristics and mechanisms of DNA and RNA methylation as well as their function in tumor development.