CAJ | 학술논문

净生态系统碳通量（NEE）的计算对于准确模拟区域碳通量和大气CO2浓度的时空变化至关重要。本文利用中尺度大气—温室气体耦合模式WRF-GHG（Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Greenhouse Gases Module），对2010年7月28日至2010年8月2日期间影响长江三角洲地区大气CO2浓度及时空分布的各种过程进行了详尽模拟。结果表明，植被光合呼吸模型（VPRM）能模拟不同植被下垫面 NEE 的日变化；WRF-GHG模拟的大气CO2浓度日变化与观测相吻合，但低估了大气CO2浓度5～15 ppm（ppm表示10?6），这可能与人为排放源的低估、VPRM参数的不确定性以及气象场模拟的不准确性有关。太湖和植被覆盖较好的地区如浙江北部山区是该地区的主要碳汇，而城市为CO2的主要排放源。太湖和陆地生态系统对区域内碳循环起到一定的调节作用，减缓区域大气 CO2浓度的升高。此外，局地气象条件如湖陆风对太湖周边地区大气 CO2浓度有显著影响。
정생태계통탄통량（NEE）적계산대우준학모의구역탄통량화대기CO2농도적시공변화지관중요。본문이용중척도대기—온실기체우합모식WRF-GHG（Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Greenhouse Gases Module），대2010년7월28일지2010년8월2일기간영향장강삼각주지구대기CO2농도급시공분포적각충과정진행료상진모의。결과표명，식피광합호흡모형（VPRM）능모의불동식피하점면 NEE 적일변화；WRF-GHG모의적대기CO2농도일변화여관측상문합，단저고료대기CO2농도5～15 ppm（ppm표시10?6），저가능여인위배방원적저고、VPRM삼수적불학정성이급기상장모의적불준학성유관。태호화식피복개교호적지구여절강북부산구시해지구적주요탄회，이성시위CO2적주요배방원。태호화륙지생태계통대구역내탄순배기도일정적조절작용，감완구역대기 CO2농도적승고。차외，국지기상조건여호륙풍대태호주변지구대기 CO2농도유현저영향。
Accurate quantification of land–atmosphere exchange is crucial for the simulation of regional scale carbon flux and CO2 concentrations. In this study, a coupling model, WRF-GHG (Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Greenhouse Gases Module) is employed to simulate regional net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from July 28 to August 2, 2010. In the modeling system, several “tagged” species are defined to trace the contribution of various sources to atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The simulated NEE fluxes and CO2 concentrations are evaluated against in-situ measurements. The results show that VPRM can reproduce spatial-temporal variation patterns of NEE over different types of vegetation. Overall, the diurnal patterns in CO2 concentration compared quite well with field measurements, indicating that the model captures the major features in the diurnal variations of CO2. However, the model underestimates CO2 concentrations by 5~15 ppm (10?6). This is most likely due to an underestimation of anthropogenic emissions, the uncertainties of parameters defined in VPRM, and meteorological inputs. Local meteorological conditions, such as land-lake breeze, exert an important impact on CO2 concentrations. While lake-atmospheric interactions over Lake Taihu and vegetation-atmospheric interactions over mountain areas in northern Zhejiang province play a dominate role in carbon sink, urban-related anthropogenic emissions act as a major source of carbon. The WRF-GHG modeling system demonstrated its capability of simulating local and regional variations in CO2 fluxes and concentrations.