中国神经精神疾病杂志
中國神經精神疾病雜誌
중국신경정신질병잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASES
2015年
7期
395-400
,共6页
赵荣江%牛雅娟%杨少杰%王志青%杜宝成%吴承京%徐东%梁红%王绍礼%张亚利
趙榮江%牛雅娟%楊少傑%王誌青%杜寶成%吳承京%徐東%樑紅%王紹禮%張亞利
조영강%우아연%양소걸%왕지청%두보성%오승경%서동%량홍%왕소례%장아리
城乡居民%社会距离%社交限制%现况调查
城鄉居民%社會距離%社交限製%現況調查
성향거민%사회거리%사교한제%현황조사
Urban and rural residents%Social distance%social restriction%Cross-sectional investigation
目的：了解中国北方两地城乡居民对10种特殊人群的社会距离和接纳程度。方法采用分层随机系统抽样，调查北京市区10个居委会（n=503）和河北省武安县10个村庄（n=504）18岁及以上居民1007人。采用自行编制的社会距离及社交限制量表，评估城乡居民对10种特殊人群（曾犯罪入狱、患高血压病、有过自杀行为、是同性恋、有过严重抑郁症、感染艾滋病病毒、家人自杀死亡、有吸毒史、住过精神病院及曾酗酒）的社会距离和接纳程度。结果城市居民对熟悉人患高血压、有过自杀行为、是同性恋特殊人群的社会距离及社交限制得分高于农村（P<0.05）；农村居民对熟悉人曾犯罪入狱、有吸毒史的社会距离及社交限制得分高于城市（P<0.01）。农村居民对陌生人有吸毒史、曾酗酒特殊人群的社会距离及社交限制得分高于城市（P<0.05）。女性对陌生人患高血压、有过自杀行为、是同性恋、有过严重抑郁症、感染艾滋病病毒、家人自杀死亡、住过精神病院及曾酗酒特殊人群的社会距离及社交限制得分均高于男性（P<0.01）。结论与城市居民相比，农村居民对曾犯罪入狱、曾酗酒及有吸毒史特殊人群的社会距离更远，接纳程度更差。女性对特殊人群的社会距离更远、接纳程度更差。
目的：瞭解中國北方兩地城鄉居民對10種特殊人群的社會距離和接納程度。方法採用分層隨機繫統抽樣，調查北京市區10箇居委會（n=503）和河北省武安縣10箇村莊（n=504）18歲及以上居民1007人。採用自行編製的社會距離及社交限製量錶，評估城鄉居民對10種特殊人群（曾犯罪入獄、患高血壓病、有過自殺行為、是同性戀、有過嚴重抑鬱癥、感染艾滋病病毒、傢人自殺死亡、有吸毒史、住過精神病院及曾酗酒）的社會距離和接納程度。結果城市居民對熟悉人患高血壓、有過自殺行為、是同性戀特殊人群的社會距離及社交限製得分高于農村（P<0.05）；農村居民對熟悉人曾犯罪入獄、有吸毒史的社會距離及社交限製得分高于城市（P<0.01）。農村居民對陌生人有吸毒史、曾酗酒特殊人群的社會距離及社交限製得分高于城市（P<0.05）。女性對陌生人患高血壓、有過自殺行為、是同性戀、有過嚴重抑鬱癥、感染艾滋病病毒、傢人自殺死亡、住過精神病院及曾酗酒特殊人群的社會距離及社交限製得分均高于男性（P<0.01）。結論與城市居民相比，農村居民對曾犯罪入獄、曾酗酒及有吸毒史特殊人群的社會距離更遠，接納程度更差。女性對特殊人群的社會距離更遠、接納程度更差。
목적：료해중국북방량지성향거민대10충특수인군적사회거리화접납정도。방법채용분층수궤계통추양，조사북경시구10개거위회（n=503）화하북성무안현10개촌장（n=504）18세급이상거민1007인。채용자행편제적사회거리급사교한제량표，평고성향거민대10충특수인군（증범죄입옥、환고혈압병、유과자살행위、시동성련、유과엄중억욱증、감염애자병병독、가인자살사망、유흡독사、주과정신병원급증후주）적사회거리화접납정도。결과성시거민대숙실인환고혈압、유과자살행위、시동성련특수인군적사회거리급사교한제득분고우농촌（P<0.05）；농촌거민대숙실인증범죄입옥、유흡독사적사회거리급사교한제득분고우성시（P<0.01）。농촌거민대맥생인유흡독사、증후주특수인군적사회거리급사교한제득분고우성시（P<0.05）。녀성대맥생인환고혈압、유과자살행위、시동성련、유과엄중억욱증、감염애자병병독、가인자살사망、주과정신병원급증후주특수인군적사회거리급사교한제득분균고우남성（P<0.01）。결론여성시거민상비，농촌거민대증범죄입옥、증후주급유흡독사특수인군적사회거리경원，접납정도경차。녀성대특수인군적사회거리경원、접납정도경차。
Objective To investigate the attitudes and social acceptance towards 10 different populations among urban and rural residents in northern China. Methods A method of multistage stratified random sampling was adopted:ten neighbourhood committees in Beijing and ten villages in Hebei Wu’an city were chosen and 1007 persons (Urban 503, rural 504) older than 18 years were selected. Social distance and restriction scale was used to evaluate the attitudes and social acceptance. Results The social distance and restriction towards acquaintances with hypertensive, with sui?cide action, homosexuals were higher in urban residents than rural residents (P<0.05). The social distance and restriction towards acquaintances with criminals, drug addiction were higher in rural residents than in urban (P<0.01). The social distance and restriction towards the strangers with alcohol abuse, drug addiction were higher in rural residents than ur?ban residents (P<0.05). There were no differences in social distance towards acquaintances with above 10 populations with different characteristics among the male and female, while there were significantly differences towards the strangers except for the criminals and drug addiction between the male and female (P<0.01). Conclusion Compared with urban residents, rural residents have higher social distance score and lower acceptance level toward alcohol abuse, drug addic?tion and criminals. Women have higher social distance score.
