CAJ | 학술논문

生态系统健康是应用生态学界近年来的研究热点和前沿,并且已被越来越多地应用到城市生态研究中.在广州城市生态规划研究中,尝试将生态系统健康评价方法应用到生态规划方案的评估与决策中.首先建立城市生态系统健康评价指标体系,然后对提出的生态规划方案进行费用效果分析,用以指导方案的选择与决策.在费用效果分析中,以方案所需投资作为费用,以方案实施后能促使城市生态系统达到的健康程度作为效果.本文采用5个要素,即活力、组织结构、恢复力、维持生态系统服务功能、对人类健康的影响等,来构建城市生态系统健康的评价指标体系.通过对这5个要素的进一步理解和分析,提出了初步的城市生态系统健康评价指标体系,包括12个类别,49个指标.为确保这些指标之间相互独立,搜集广州市1991-2000年间49个指标的样本数据进行主成分分析筛选掉对总体贡献很小的指标,保留对总体贡献较大的指标,确定了最终的评价指标体系,同时也得出了各指标的权重.最后,通过测算规划方案中各类型的生态环境建设项目投资力度在变动±10%、±20%、±50%时,对生态系统健康状况改善的影响程度,以掌握各生态环境建设项目对于城市整体生态健康水平的重要性排序,为优先安排生态环境建设项目提供决策参考依据.
생태계통건강시응용생태학계근년래적연구열점화전연,병차이피월래월다지응용도성시생태연구중.재엄주성시생태규화연구중,상시장생태계통건강평개방법응용도생태규화방안적평고여결책중.수선건립성시생태계통건강평개지표체계,연후대제출적생태규화방안진행비용효과분석,용이지도방안적선택여결책.재비용효과분석중,이방안소수투자작위비용,이방안실시후능촉사성시생태계통체도적건강정도작위효과.본문채용5개요소,즉활력、조직결구、회복력、유지생태계통복무공능、대인류건강적영향등,래구건성시생태계통건강적평개지표체계.통과대저5개요소적진일보리해화분석,제출료초보적성시생태계통건강평개지표체계,포괄12개유별,49개지표.위학보저사지표지간상호독립,수집엄주시1991-2000년간49개지표적양본수거진행주성분분석사선도대총체공헌흔소적지표,보류대총체공헌교대적지표,학정료최종적평개지표체계,동시야득출료각지표적권중.최후,통과측산규화방안중각류형적생태배경건설항목투자력도재변동±10%、±20%、±50%시,대생태계통건강상황개선적영향정도,이장악각생태배경건설항목대우성시정체생태건강수평적중요성배서,위우선안배생태배경건설항목제공결책삼고의거.
Ecosystem health has been a focal point and study frontier of applied ecology in the recent years, and has also been used more and more in urban ecological studies. In the urban eco-planning of Guangzhou city, eco-system health assessment method is used to make eco-planning scheme evaluation and support decision making. First, an urban ecosystem health assessment indicator system is set up. Then, with the assessment indicator system, a cost-effect analysis is made for the different scenarios of planned countermeasures and schemes to guide the selection of the best or second best schemes. In the cost-effect analysis, taking the investment needed for the planned schemes as the cost, and taking the health state that the implement action of a planned scheme can reach as the effect, a cost-effect relationship could be found. Five factors, including vigor, organizational structure, resilience, ability to maintain ecosystem service function, influence on human health, are selected, and further analysis and decomposing of the five basic factors give 12 categories and 49 indictors to form the assessment indicator system. To make sure the independence of the indicators, the data of the 49 indicators in Guangzhou were collected and principal component analysis is done to filter out the indicators which are less important in term of contribution to final result, and reserve the more important 36 indictors as the component of the final assessment indicator system. The weight of each indictor is also determined. To make the priority of all the proposed planning schemes or countermeasures, the respective ecosystem health state of the city is evaluated, assuming that the investment in every category of eco-environmental construction projects changes by ± 10%, ± 20%, ± 50%. In this way, the importance order of every eco-environment construction project to the urban eco-system health state can be worked out, which provides a reference for planning the prior urban eco-environmental projects.