心理科学进展
心理科學進展
심이과학진전
Advances In Psychological Science
2005年
5期
606~613
,共null页
决策行为 启发式 决策发展模型
決策行為 啟髮式 決策髮展模型
결책행위 계발식 결책발전모형
decision-making behavior, heuristic, model of development of decision-making.
现有的研究表明,儿童早期就具有一定的利用概率和统计信息来做决策的能力,这种能力随着年龄增长,但和成人相比存在差异;儿童和成人同样运用启发式来做决策,且受许多判断偏见的影响.儿童的决策行为受到人格特征、性别、年龄、任务领域特殊性和信息表征等因素的影响.文中还介绍了决策的自我调节模型和"双过程"理论,从不同的角度解释和预测儿童决策行为的发展.最后分析了儿童决策研究的趋势.
現有的研究錶明,兒童早期就具有一定的利用概率和統計信息來做決策的能力,這種能力隨著年齡增長,但和成人相比存在差異;兒童和成人同樣運用啟髮式來做決策,且受許多判斷偏見的影響.兒童的決策行為受到人格特徵、性彆、年齡、任務領域特殊性和信息錶徵等因素的影響.文中還介紹瞭決策的自我調節模型和"雙過程"理論,從不同的角度解釋和預測兒童決策行為的髮展.最後分析瞭兒童決策研究的趨勢.
현유적연구표명,인동조기취구유일정적이용개솔화통계신식래주결책적능력,저충능력수착년령증장,단화성인상비존재차이;인동화성인동양운용계발식래주결책,차수허다판단편견적영향.인동적결책행위수도인격특정、성별、년령、임무영역특수성화신식표정등인소적영향.문중환개소료결책적자아조절모형화"쌍과정"이론,종불동적각도해석화예측인동결책행위적발전.최후분석료인동결책연구적추세.
Previous researches suggested that young children were relatively able to use base-rate information and other types of statistical information to make decisions and judgments, and this performance increased by age, Children used the same heuristics as adults and were susceptible to many judgment biases. Children＇s decision-making was influenced by these factors, such as personality traits, gender, age, content domain-specific and information presentation formats. The paper introduced the self-regulation model of decision making and two-process theory to explain and predict the development of children＇s decision-making from different perspective. Finally. future researches were discussed in the article.
