中国体育科技
中國體育科技
중국체육과기
China Sport Science and Technology
2007年
1期
94~97
,共null页
自行车 高原训练 身体机能
自行車 高原訓練 身體機能
자행차 고원훈련 신체궤능
cycling; altitude training ; body function
世居高原运动员有较好的耐缺氧能力，为探讨他们上到更高高原训练身体机能状态变化的规律，对13名世居昆明（1890m）的男、女自行车运动员到更高海拔地香格里拉（3200m）的训练进行研究，分析训练安排、运动员身体机能变化以评价训练效果。研究表明，世居高原运动员更高高原训练的安排基本与平原运动员高原训练一致；更高海拔训练时，在合理的训练安排下，运动员的尿常规、血红蛋白、血清肌酸激酶、血尿素、血乳酸等指标随训练负荷的变化在正常范围内波动，与平原运动员的高原训练变化规律基本相同；高原训练过程中，运动员红细胞和血清睾酮水平先升后降，训练后较之前有上升，白细胞趋于下降，可能是高原缺氧和训练安排的综合影响造成。结论：世居高原自行车运动员已经适应高原环境，上更高海拔训练是承受更大缺氧刺激，提高机体机能水平的有效方法；经过多次更高海拔的训练，自行车运动员的缺氧适应会逐渐提高。建议以后的实践中大胆增加运动负荷，以期取得更好的训练效果。
世居高原運動員有較好的耐缺氧能力，為探討他們上到更高高原訓練身體機能狀態變化的規律，對13名世居昆明（1890m）的男、女自行車運動員到更高海拔地香格裏拉（3200m）的訓練進行研究，分析訓練安排、運動員身體機能變化以評價訓練效果。研究錶明，世居高原運動員更高高原訓練的安排基本與平原運動員高原訓練一緻；更高海拔訓練時，在閤理的訓練安排下，運動員的尿常規、血紅蛋白、血清肌痠激酶、血尿素、血乳痠等指標隨訓練負荷的變化在正常範圍內波動，與平原運動員的高原訓練變化規律基本相同；高原訓練過程中，運動員紅細胞和血清睪酮水平先升後降，訓練後較之前有上升，白細胞趨于下降，可能是高原缺氧和訓練安排的綜閤影響造成。結論：世居高原自行車運動員已經適應高原環境，上更高海拔訓練是承受更大缺氧刺激，提高機體機能水平的有效方法；經過多次更高海拔的訓練，自行車運動員的缺氧適應會逐漸提高。建議以後的實踐中大膽增加運動負荷，以期取得更好的訓練效果。
세거고원운동원유교호적내결양능력，위탐토타문상도경고고원훈련신체궤능상태변화적규률，대13명세거곤명（1890m）적남、녀자행차운동원도경고해발지향격리랍（3200m）적훈련진행연구，분석훈련안배、운동원신체궤능변화이평개훈련효과。연구표명，세거고원운동원경고고원훈련적안배기본여평원운동원고원훈련일치；경고해발훈련시，재합리적훈련안배하，운동원적뇨상규、혈홍단백、혈청기산격매、혈뇨소、혈유산등지표수훈련부하적변화재정상범위내파동，여평원운동원적고원훈련변화규률기본상동；고원훈련과정중，운동원홍세포화혈청고동수평선승후강，훈련후교지전유상승，백세포추우하강，가능시고원결양화훈련안배적종합영향조성。결론：세거고원자행차운동원이경괄응고원배경，상경고해발훈련시승수경대결양자격，제고궤체궤능수평적유효방법；경과다차경고해발적훈련，자행차운동원적결양괄응회축점제고。건의이후적실천중대담증가운동부하，이기취득경호적훈련효과。
The native plateau cyclist had better capacity of anti--hypoxia. In order to discuss their higher altitude training and changing pattern of their body function, thirteen male and female native plateau cyclist （living at 1890 m） were made training at higher altitude Singarila at 3200 m. The training arrangement and cyclist＇s body function change was evaluated. The result showed that native plateau cyclist training plan was the same with that of normal cyclist at altitude training. At the higher altitude training and under the rational training load, the urine, hemoglobin, creatine,kinase, blood urea nitrogen, blood lactic acid fluctuated at the normal range. The level of red blood ceil and total testosterone was increased first and then dropped during the altitude training, while the blood cell level tended to decline because of hypoxia and training arrangement at altitude. It concluded that Native plateau cyclist had been adapted to the living environment. It was an effective way to go higher altitude to promote physical fitness through getting more stimulation of hypoxia. For the purpose of gaining much more effects, we should increase training load,and the capacity of anti-hypoxia was increased through altitude training for several times.
