心理学报
心理學報
심이학보
Acta Psychologica Sinica
2007年
2期
285~291
,共null页
张文彩 阎克乐 路运青 张娣 洪捷 袁立壮 张月娟
張文綵 閻剋樂 路運青 張娣 洪捷 袁立壯 張月娟
장문채 염극악 로운청 장제 홍첩 원립장 장월연
应激 交感神经活动 副交感神经活动 心率变异性
應激 交感神經活動 副交感神經活動 心率變異性
응격 교감신경활동 부교감신경활동 심솔변이성
stress, sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, heart rate variability (HRV)
让24名女大学生被试完成划消测验、镜画测验、心算和准备演讲四种应激任务,目的在于探讨在不同心理刺激下交感和副交感神经系统的活动是否存在差异。记录HRV(Heart Rate Variability,心率变异性)的频域成分11P(Total Power,总功率)、HF(High Frequency,高频)、LF(Low Frequency,低频)、LF/HF(低频高频比)、平均R-R间期和血压等指标在基线和不同应激任务期间的变化。通过单因素重复测量方差分析和多重比较发现,准备演讲期间的11P、LF值显著地高于基线和其它三项任务,HF的值显著地高于划消测验和心算;镜画测验、划消测验和心算期间的LF值与基线比较显著下降,TP、LF和HF三项指标在这三项任务之间无显著差异;不同任务期间在LF/HF上无显著主效应。平均R-R间期基线水平与所有任务间的比较及各任务之间有显著差异。收缩压基线水平与划消、镜画任务间的比较有显著差异。结果表明,准备演讲期间的交感神经和副交感神经张力显著地大于其它任务,不同任务表现出的不同的自主神经张力变化说明交感神经与副交感神经活动不是一方活动增强、另一方活动减弱的单纯的活动方式,这一结果为Bemtson提出的自主神经活动可能存在九种活动搭配模式的理论提供了实验证据。
讓24名女大學生被試完成劃消測驗、鏡畫測驗、心算和準備縯講四種應激任務,目的在于探討在不同心理刺激下交感和副交感神經繫統的活動是否存在差異。記錄HRV(Heart Rate Variability,心率變異性)的頻域成分11P(Total Power,總功率)、HF(High Frequency,高頻)、LF(Low Frequency,低頻)、LF/HF(低頻高頻比)、平均R-R間期和血壓等指標在基線和不同應激任務期間的變化。通過單因素重複測量方差分析和多重比較髮現,準備縯講期間的11P、LF值顯著地高于基線和其它三項任務,HF的值顯著地高于劃消測驗和心算;鏡畫測驗、劃消測驗和心算期間的LF值與基線比較顯著下降,TP、LF和HF三項指標在這三項任務之間無顯著差異;不同任務期間在LF/HF上無顯著主效應。平均R-R間期基線水平與所有任務間的比較及各任務之間有顯著差異。收縮壓基線水平與劃消、鏡畫任務間的比較有顯著差異。結果錶明,準備縯講期間的交感神經和副交感神經張力顯著地大于其它任務,不同任務錶現齣的不同的自主神經張力變化說明交感神經與副交感神經活動不是一方活動增彊、另一方活動減弱的單純的活動方式,這一結果為Bemtson提齣的自主神經活動可能存在九種活動搭配模式的理論提供瞭實驗證據。
양24명녀대학생피시완성화소측험、경화측험、심산화준비연강사충응격임무,목적재우탐토재불동심리자격하교감화부교감신경계통적활동시부존재차이。기록HRV(Heart Rate Variability,심솔변이성)적빈역성분11P(Total Power,총공솔)、HF(High Frequency,고빈)、LF(Low Frequency,저빈)、LF/HF(저빈고빈비)、평균R-R간기화혈압등지표재기선화불동응격임무기간적변화。통과단인소중복측량방차분석화다중비교발현,준비연강기간적11P、LF치현저지고우기선화기타삼항임무,HF적치현저지고우화소측험화심산;경화측험、화소측험화심산기간적LF치여기선비교현저하강,TP、LF화HF삼항지표재저삼항임무지간무현저차이;불동임무기간재LF/HF상무현저주효응。평균R-R간기기선수평여소유임무간적비교급각임무지간유현저차이。수축압기선수평여화소、경화임무간적비교유현저차이。결과표명,준비연강기간적교감신경화부교감신경장력현저지대우기타임무,불동임무표현출적불동적자주신경장력변화설명교감신경여부교감신경활동불시일방활동증강、령일방활동감약적단순적활동방식,저일결과위Bemtson제출적자주신경활동가능존재구충활동탑배모식적이론제공료실험증거。
Introduction Studies indicated that psychological stress may result in increase or decrease in target - specific sympathetic outputs, increase or decrease in certain vagal outputs. The altered responses may be less efficient and less adaptive and, thus, on a long - term basis, unfavorable to health. Evidence of disordered autonomic function has also been observed in patients with various somatic disorders, for instance, functional bowel disorders headaches, or cardiac arrhythrnias. In order to clarify the relations between psychological stress and autonomic nervous system, in the present study, we examined the effect of different psychological stressors on the sympathetic and parasympathetic activities and other cardiovascular activities. Method Twenty four healthy female undergraduates participated in the study. The participants were requested to complete baseline rest, cancellation test, mirror - tracing task, arithmetic task and speech - preparation, and simultaneously recorded spectrum domain of HRV( TP: total power, HF: high frequency, LF: low frequency and LF/HF: low - to high - frequency ratio), averaged R - R interval and blood pressure. The different components of HRV allow to observe sympathetic and parasympathetic function non- invasively and independently of each other. The data obtained were analyzed by SPSS 10.0. The order of the stressors presentation were counterbalanced in order to avoid order effect. Results One - way analysis of variance for repeated measures showed the values of TP and LF during speech - preparation were significantly increased than baseline and other tasks, HF was increased significantly than cancellation test and arithmetic and there was no difference compared to baseline. During other three tasks LF decreased compared to baseline, the values of TP, LF and HF were no difference between them. The values of LF/ HF didn' t show main effect between any tasks. Compared to the baseline,any of the four psychological stressors induced a decrease for Averaged R - R interval, and an increase for the systolic pressure. No differences were observed for the diastolic pressure. Subjective experience of stress was not consistent with its physiological responses. Conclusion The findings indicated that the activities in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) decreased during cancellation test, mirror - tracing task and arithmetic task. However, the activities of SNS and PNS during speech - preparation was stronger than other tasks. The autonomic nervous activities during speech - preparation were different from those on the other three tasks. Averaged R - R interval and Blood pressure were both sensitive to the differences between the baseline and the tasks. The differences of ANS activities during different tasks supported strongly for Berntson's theory that proposed there were nine changeable modes of ANS. It was still not clear that the mental mechanism resulted in such differences.