方言
方言
방언
Dialect
2007年
2期
97~102
,共null页
全称量词 量化副词 三分法 上海话
全稱量詞 量化副詞 三分法 上海話
전칭량사 양화부사 삼분법 상해화
universal quantifier, quantifieational adverb, tripartite structure, Shanghain dialect
上海话的“侪”和普通话的“都”都是量化副词,可以用语义三分结构来分析包含“侪”或“都”的句子。但是它们不同于逻辑上的全称量词,只要求达到一定程度,不要求全部。“侪”使用的语义条件是离散个案集合中个案数目累积达到相当大的程度,而“都”还可以表示在一个连续统中到了某一关键程度。“侪”在疑问结构中比“都”受到更多的限制,这可能是由于对某些焦点副词的干扰作用更为敏感。
上海話的“儕”和普通話的“都”都是量化副詞,可以用語義三分結構來分析包含“儕”或“都”的句子。但是它們不同于邏輯上的全稱量詞,隻要求達到一定程度,不要求全部。“儕”使用的語義條件是離散箇案集閤中箇案數目纍積達到相噹大的程度,而“都”還可以錶示在一箇連續統中到瞭某一關鍵程度。“儕”在疑問結構中比“都”受到更多的限製,這可能是由于對某些焦點副詞的榦擾作用更為敏感。
상해화적“제”화보통화적“도”도시양화부사,가이용어의삼분결구래분석포함“제”혹“도”적구자。단시타문불동우라집상적전칭량사,지요구체도일정정도,불요구전부。“제”사용적어의조건시리산개안집합중개안수목루적체도상당대적정도,이“도”환가이표시재일개련속통중도료모일관건정도。“제”재의문결구중비“도”수도경다적한제,저가능시유우대모사초점부사적간우작용경위민감。
Ze in Shanghai dialect and dou in Mandarin Chinese are both quantifieational adverbs A sentence containing either of them can be analyzed as a tripartite structure semantically. However, they are not universal quantifiers per se as they do not require exhaustive inclusion. Ze characterizes inclusion of a considerably large number of members in a given set whereas dou expresses attainment of a significant extent in a continuum. Another difference between them is that the former is more limited in interrogative uses, possibly due its greater sensibility to intervention effects of some focus adverbs.
