CAJ | 학술논문

全面综述了体育运动领域内关于“节奏策略”的文献,普遍采用的节奏策略主要有4种：1）全冲型;2）慢起型;3）匀速型;4）变化型。但许多实证研究表明,在这些策略类型中并不存在一种最佳策略,最佳的节奏策略只是针对具体的比赛类型和具体环境以及个体。但许多学者认为,尽管运动员们在不同类型的比赛中会采用不同的节奏策略,但这些节奏策略的产生或变化的潜在原理很可能是相似的,即促使某种节奏策略产生的最重要的因素很可能是当事人对比赛终点（Endpoint）的认知和经验（Knowledge）。这种认知和经验的产生可能是通过一种“内部时钟”来完成的。大脑会结合当事人对终点的认知或经验和外部环境、内部条件等信息,计算出一个最佳的节奏策略。研究表明,在不同的节奏策略中,主观努力感觉（RPE）的值随着运动进程有增加的趋势,但它是一种“量子单位”的变化,同时,其他心理因素也应该考虑进RPE在运动中变化的过程中去。
전면종술료체육운동영역내관우“절주책략”적문헌,보편채용적절주책략주요유4충：1）전충형;2）만기형;3）균속형;4）변화형。단허다실증연구표명,재저사책략류형중병불존재일충최가책략,최가적절주책략지시침대구체적비새류형화구체배경이급개체。단허다학자인위,진관운동원문재불동류형적비새중회채용불동적절주책략,단저사절주책략적산생혹변화적잠재원리흔가능시상사적,즉촉사모충절주책략산생적최중요적인소흔가능시당사인대비새종점（Endpoint）적인지화경험（Knowledge）。저충인지화경험적산생가능시통과일충“내부시종”래완성적。대뇌회결합당사인대종점적인지혹경험화외부배경、내부조건등신식,계산출일개최가적절주책략。연구표명,재불동적절주책략중,주관노력감각（RPE）적치수착운동진정유증가적추세,단타시일충“양자단위”적변화,동시,기타심리인소야응해고필진RPE재운동중변화적과정중거。
Reviewed on the research reports about pacing strategy, this paper found out that there were four types pacing strategies were adopted by athletes：（1） an all-out pacing strategy; （2） a slow start strategy; （3） an even paced strategy; （4） a variable pace strategy. There seems to be no clear optimal pacing strategy identified by previous researches. It is suggested that although athletes in different events adopt different pacing strategies, the underlying principle of how these different overall pacing strategies are controlled is similar. Perhaps the most important factor allowing the establishment of a pacing strategy is the knowledge of the endpoint of a particular event. The knowledge of endpoint was proposed generated by an internal clock. The brain center controlling pace incorporates knowledge of the endpoint into an algorithm, together with memory of prior events of similar distance or duration, and knowledge of external and internal conditions to set a particular optimal pacing strategy for a particular exercise bout. During an exercise bout, while the trend would likely be an increase in RPE as the bout continues, RPE changes are contingent on some psychological factors and can change nonmonotonically throughout the event.