CAJ | 학술논문

果戈理、陀思妥耶夫斯基和契诃夫是19世纪俄罗斯文学中描写“小人物”的圣手；他们以独特的视角和创作，构成了“小人物”灰色人生的三棱镜。俄罗斯文学是沉重的，俄罗斯精神是宗教性的。果戈理在继承普希金开创的“小人物”基础上，将“小人物”深层意识的展示与作者的基督仁爱理想合二为一，寄希望于上帝的拯救；陀思妥耶夫斯基把对“小人物”的内心剖析拓展为多声部的“复调”，突出了“小人物”灵魂中谦恭、自我贬抑的宗教意识和宗教人格，寻求在虔诚的宗教信仰下的自我救赎；契诃夫在对传统的宗教信仰和人性发出质疑和反思后，将20世纪的现代意识注入到“小人物”内心精神的创作中。
과과리、타사타야부사기화계가부시19세기아라사문학중묘사“소인물”적골수；타문이독특적시각화창작，구성료“소인물”회색인생적삼릉경。아라사문학시침중적，아라사정신시종교성적。과과리재계승보희금개창적“소인물”기출상，장“소인물”심층의식적전시여작자적기독인애이상합이위일，기희망우상제적증구；타사타야부사기파대“소인물”적내심부석탁전위다성부적“복조”，돌출료“소인물”령혼중겸공、자아폄억적종교의식화종교인격，심구재건성적종교신앙하적자아구속；계가부재대전통적종교신앙화인성발출질의화반사후，장20세기적현대의식주입도“소인물”내심정신적창작중。
Gogol, Dostoyevsky and Chekhov are the masters of describing ＂small potatos＂ Russian literature in 19th century. They constitute the triangular prism of the gloomy life of ＂small potatos＂ by their special perspectives. Russian literature is depressing. Russian spirit is religious. The writings of the three masters have a close relationship with the Russian religion. Gogol explores the very deep heart of the ＂small potatos＂ by single tone on the base of what Pushkin created. He combines the display in the ＂small potatos＂ deep soul with the writer＇s kindheartedness. Dostoyevsky develops the inside analysis of the ＂small potatos＂ as the ＂polyphony＂ style. He give prominence to the modesty and courtesy of the ＂small potatos＂ and searches for the self-rescue in the religion; Chekhov put modem awareness in 20th century into the composing of the ＂small potatos＂ after his doubt and reflection on the conventional religious faith and humanity.