CAJ | 학술논문

美、英、俄、德高校学科设置各有特色：美国以＂统计、归纳＂模式为主,充分尊重高校办学自主权,为新兴、交叉学科发展预留空间,具有开放性和学科增删程序规范性等特点,但缺少长远的战略计划性方面的思考,学科设置受市场需求影响较大;英国高校学科设置在学科名称体现了贴近生活实际的特点,学科设置也表现出对市场需求的过分依赖;俄罗斯以＂计划、演绎＂模式为主,统筹性强,但体系过于庞杂,需要简化;德国高校学科分类综合性强,体育学科与教育学科并列设置,体育学科的地位较高,发展较好.获得的启示是：我国体育学科建设应选择更为灵活的学科设置模式,增设＂交叉学科＂,使学科体系更加开放;规范学科设置程序、学科名称兼顾国际化和本民族习惯;体育学科与教育学科并列设置成为学科门类,促进学科建设进一步发展.
미、영、아、덕고교학과설치각유특색：미국이＂통계、귀납＂모식위주,충분존중고교판학자주권,위신흥、교차학과발전예류공간,구유개방성화학과증산정서규범성등특점,단결소장원적전략계화성방면적사고,학과설치수시장수구영향교대;영국고교학과설치재학과명칭체현료첩근생활실제적특점,학과설치야표현출대시장수구적과분의뢰;아라사이＂계화、연역＂모식위주,통주성강,단체계과우방잡,수요간화;덕국고교학과분류종합성강,체육학과여교육학과병렬설치,체육학과적지위교고,발전교호.획득적계시시：아국체육학과건설응선택경위령활적학과설치모식,증설＂교차학과＂,사학과체계경가개방;규범학과설치정서、학과명칭겸고국제화화본민족습관;체육학과여교육학과병렬설치성위학과문류,촉진학과건설진일보발전.
Major characteristics of college subject specialty setup in such four countries as the United States, Britain, Russia and Germany are as follows： in the United States, the mode of ＂statistics and induction＂ is mainly adopted, the right to independent education management of institutes of higher learning is fully respected, some room is reserved for the development of emerging and cross subjects, its subject specialty setup is open, and its subject adding and deleting procedure is standardized, but there is a lack of thoughts about long-term strategic planning, and subject setup is significantly affected by the market mechanism; in Britain, college subject setup embodies the characteristic of getting close to the reality of life in terms of subject designation, but is significantly affected by the market mechanism; in Russia, the mode of ＂planning and deduction＂ is mainly adopted, its subject setup is highly unified, but its system is somewhat too huge, thus needs to be simplified; in Germany, college subject classification is highly comprehensive, the physical education subject and education subject are set up in parallel, and the physical education subject has a relatively high status and is well developed. The acquired enlightenment is as follows： for the construction of the physical education subject in China, we should select a more flexible subject setup mode, add ＂cross subjects＂, and make the subject system more open; we should standardize our subject setup procedure, while in subject designation we should concurrently consider designation internationalization and the designation custom of our own nation; the physical education subject and education subject should be set up in parallel into subject branches, so as to boost further development of subject construction.