CAJ | 학술논문

伴随着农村经济社会的巨大变迁，农村劳动力就业结构也发生了深刻变化。江苏苏中地区作为乡镇企业带动型发展的典型地区，其农村就业结构转换的态势在东部沿海地区具有代表性。该地区农村就业结构转换的总体态势是：第一产业就业比重不断降低，第二、三产业就业比重明显上升；农业剩余劳动力转移的主要渠道是第二产业就业；农村就业结构转换，是工业化、区域经济发展及其结构变动综合作用的结果。市场经济环境为农村剩余劳动力转移提供了基础平台，工业化是农村就业结构转换的原动力，城市与农村经济结构调整是农村就业结构转换的直接推动力。产业收入比较利益是促使农业剩余劳动力流动的根本动力。而与之相适应的政策措施是其顺利实现的重要保障。
반수착농촌경제사회적거대변천，농촌노동력취업결구야발생료심각변화。강소소중지구작위향진기업대동형발전적전형지구，기농촌취업결구전환적태세재동부연해지구구유대표성。해지구농촌취업결구전환적총체태세시：제일산업취업비중불단강저，제이、삼산업취업비중명현상승；농업잉여노동력전이적주요거도시제이산업취업；농촌취업결구전환，시공업화、구역경제발전급기결구변동종합작용적결과。시장경제배경위농촌잉여노동력전이제공료기출평태，공업화시농촌취업결구전환적원동력，성시여농촌경제결구조정시농촌취업결구전환적직접추동력。산업수입비교이익시촉사농업잉여노동력류동적근본동력。이여지상괄응적정책조시시기순리실현적중요보장。
With the enormous changes of rural economy and society, the employment structure along with the rural economic structure has been changed deeply. As a typical area of development driven by township and village enterprises, the situation and mechanism of rural employment structure conversion in central Jiangsu province was typical all over the country. Based on the typical rural investigation and analysis of correlative statistic data, the general trends of this conversion in central Jiangsu province were that the proportion of primary industry employment was decreasing while employment in the second and tertiary industry was increasing, and the second industry was the main transfer approach for surplus agricultural labor force in this area. Along with the conversion of rmal employment structure, human resources for agricultural development in this district have been weakened. The change of rural employment structure could be summarized to the results of industrialization, urbanization, regional economic development and conversion of its economic structure. The environment of market economic affords bases for over plus labor force transfer. Industrialization and urbanization are the original power of rural employment structure conversion. The adjustment of economic structure beth in cities and countryside were direct forces. To promote and ensure the actualization of rural employment structure conversion, it will be necessary to put forward corresponding policies and measures in the future.