CAJ | 학술논문

本文从戴东原“群”“欲”概念上溯先秦儒家礼义起源于饮食男女。饮食之道可以引喻个人与众人生命的安稳与否，男女婚配则可匹配天地五行之义，故所谓饮食男女，实又不仅仅止于饱食与性欲。儒家以血缘为基础，以两性生命之结合为开端，开展各种社群关系的价值，究其实则俱不离形体生命的繁衍；而价值观念的形成，也都不离血气心知合一的身体。自“欲”至“群”，人类社会始简终大、始寡终众，儒家伦理价值观念由此而生。戴东原群、欲之论，与先秦儒典旧义有承继发展之关系。先秦儒者重视饮食男女之身体活动的道德价值提升与开展，东原则特别勾勒出一个分殊与一体并存的世界，注入儒典尤其是《孟子》之中，提揭其中的社群意识。东原的案例提醒了我们：对于先秦儒家经典的义理，在宋明理学典范性的解释以外，还有另一条康庄大道可以依循。
본문종대동원“군”“욕”개념상소선진유가례의기원우음식남녀。음식지도가이인유개인여음인생명적안은여부，남녀혼배칙가필배천지오행지의，고소위음식남녀，실우불부부지우포식여성욕。유가이혈연위기출，이량성생명지결합위개단，개전각충사군관계적개치，구기실칙구불리형체생명적번연；이개치관념적형성，야도불리혈기심지합일적신체。자“욕”지“군”，인류사회시간종대、시과종음，유가윤리개치관념유차이생。대동원군、욕지론，여선진유전구의유승계발전지관계。선진유자중시음식남녀지신체활동적도덕개치제승여개전，동원칙특별구륵출일개분수여일체병존적세계，주입유전우기시《맹자》지중，제게기중적사군의식。동원적안례제성료아문：대우선진유가경전적의리，재송명이학전범성적해석이외，환유령일조강장대도가이의순。
The main theme of this paper is to clarify the notion of “desire” within the context of Dai Zhen＇s thought by examining the cultural meaning of “yinshi” （food and drink） and “nannu” （having sex） as two main factors in the Confucian rituals of the pre - Qin period. I am not intending to argue physical satisfaction of eating and sexual intercourse as the ultimate goal of Confucianism. Human needs food and drinks to survive, yet food and drinks are also treated as holy sacrifices. A man and a woman can have sex anytime in any places, but the holiness of marriage and family value can only be guaranteed by the complicated rites and by interpreting marriage as a humanistic symbol of the fusion of yin （negative） and yang （positive） of the universe. The distance in between rituals and physical satisfaction may not be obvious, but the difference is huge. Through the clarification of the intellectual meaning of desire, we can understand the consciousness of community of the pre - Qin Confucian philosophers and how Dai Zhen inherits and develops their thought through the study of ancient rituals.