CAJ | 학술논문

影响发展中国家民主化进程的外部因素是多方面的，可以概括为两种基本类型：即外部结构性因素和外部行为体因素。前者指的是宏观国际体系概况，也就是一个国家政治发展所处的总体国际环境系统。它可以从国际政治与安全格局、国际经济体系因素、国际文化与社会交往、国际意识形态和传播秩序、国际市民社会等五个方面来分析。外部行为因素则指的是国际社会的行为主体的对外政策。在民主化这个问题上。影响发展中国家最突出的外部行为体因素有两个，即美国和欧盟这两个西方民主政治的大本营。虽然二者在向非西方国家推销其民主制度的目标是一致的，但是它们的具体做法却有差异，美国对外推销民主的做法可以被概括为霸权模式。欧盟在对南欧和东欧的政治变迁的做法可被概括为趋同模式。
영향발전중국가민주화진정적외부인소시다방면적，가이개괄위량충기본류형：즉외부결구성인소화외부행위체인소。전자지적시굉관국제체계개황，야취시일개국가정치발전소처적총체국제배경계통。타가이종국제정치여안전격국、국제경제체계인소、국제문화여사회교왕、국제의식형태화전파질서、국제시민사회등오개방면래분석。외부행위인소칙지적시국제사회적행위주체적대외정책。재민주화저개문제상。영향발전중국가최돌출적외부행위체인소유량개，즉미국화구맹저량개서방민주정치적대본영。수연이자재향비서방국가추소기민주제도적목표시일치적，단시타문적구체주법각유차이，미국대외추소민주적주법가이피개괄위패권모식。구맹재대남구화동구적정치변천적주법가피개괄위추동모식。
Although there are many external factors that influence democratizations in developing countries, they can be classified into two categories： external structure factor and external acting body factor. The former refers to the general system of international environment of political development of a state. It can be analyzed from five aspects： the situation of international politics and security; international economic system; international cultures and social communications; international ideologies and communication order; and international civil society. The latter refers to the foreign policies of acting body of international community. There are two external acting bodies that influence democratization of developing countries： U.S. and EU, both of which are headquarters of western democracy politics. Although both have the same goal of promoting their democracy system to nonwestern countries, they have different approaches. While U.S. approach can be characterized as the model of hegemony, EU＇s approach, which was implemented in southern Europe and eastern Europe, can be characterized as the model of mollification.