心理学报
心理學報
심이학보
Acta Psychologica Sinica
2008年
5期
571~582
,共null页
张晓 陈会昌 张桂芳 周博芳 吴巍
張曉 陳會昌 張桂芳 週博芳 吳巍
장효 진회창 장계방 주박방 오외
动态相互作用模型 父子关系 母子关系 问题行为 儿童早期
動態相互作用模型 父子關繫 母子關繫 問題行為 兒童早期
동태상호작용모형 부자관계 모자관계 문제행위 인동조기
transactional model, father- child relationship, mother - child relationship, problem behaviors, early childhood
通过对81名幼儿的父母历时两年的三次追踪测查,考察了父子、母子关系与儿童问题行为的动态相互作用模型。结构方程模型的分析结果表明:一方面,相邻两次测查的母子、父子关系、各种问题行为之间的路径系数都非常显著;另一方面,母子关系与退缩、攻击问题的双向作用,父子关系与攻击、违纪问题的双向作用都得到了支持,焦虑问题对父子、母子关系的作用,违纪问题对父子关系的作用也都得到了支持。
通過對81名幼兒的父母歷時兩年的三次追蹤測查,攷察瞭父子、母子關繫與兒童問題行為的動態相互作用模型。結構方程模型的分析結果錶明:一方麵,相鄰兩次測查的母子、父子關繫、各種問題行為之間的路徑繫數都非常顯著;另一方麵,母子關繫與退縮、攻擊問題的雙嚮作用,父子關繫與攻擊、違紀問題的雙嚮作用都得到瞭支持,焦慮問題對父子、母子關繫的作用,違紀問題對父子關繫的作用也都得到瞭支持。
통과대81명유인적부모력시량년적삼차추종측사,고찰료부자、모자관계여인동문제행위적동태상호작용모형。결구방정모형적분석결과표명:일방면,상린량차측사적모자、부자관계、각충문제행위지간적로경계수도비상현저;령일방면,모자관계여퇴축、공격문제적쌍향작용,부자관계여공격、위기문제적쌍향작용도득도료지지,초필문제대부자、모자관계적작용,위기문제대부자관계적작용야도득도료지지。
The relation between parent - child relationships and children's problem behaviors is complex, with some evidence supporting the influences of parent - child relationships on problem behaviors, and other evidence supporting problem behaviors as an influence on parent - child relationships. While decades of research examined single- directional influences, transactional model, which emphasizes reciprocal influences between children and their surrounding environment, has gradually dominated developmental psychopathology in recent years. However, most transactional analyses of the relations between parent - child relationships and children's problem behaviors have predominately focused on middle childhood and adolescence, and little attention has been devoted to early childhood. The aim of the present research was to examine the transactional models of parent - child relationships and children's problem behaviors in their early childhood.
Based on a two - year and three - wave longitudinal study on a sample of 81 preschoolers and their parents, the present research examined the relations of children's relationships with fathers and mothers to their problem behaviors by using Parent - Child Relationship Scale and Child Behavior Checklist/2 - 3. Structural equation modeling was applied to investigate the transactional models of parent - child relationships and problem behaviors.
The results showed a moderate continuity of mother - child relationships, father - child relationships, and child withdrawal, anxiety, aggression, and delinquency behaviors across the three waves, βs = 0.31 - 0.69, ps 〈 0.01. The reciprocal relations between mother - child relationships and children' s withdrawal and aggression behaviors, and between father - child relationships and children' s aggression and delinquency behaviors were all supported. Structural equation modeling indicated the model fit indexes showed a good fit. Specifically, on the one hand, mother- child closeness negatively predicted children's later withdrawal and aggression, and father - child conflict positively predicted children's later aggression and delinquency; on the other hand, children's closeness with their mothers were negatively predicted by their prior aggression and delinquency, their conflict with mothers positively predicted by their prior withdrawal, their conflict with mothers as well as with fathers positively predicted by their prior anxiety, aggression and delinquency, and their closeness with fathers also positively predicted by their prior delinquency.
These findings highlight the importance of examining the transactional processes underlying the development of children's problem behaviors, and expand the existing research on developmental psychopathology by underlying the transactional models of children's problem behaviors and their relationships with parents in early childhood.