CAJ | 학술논문

20世纪初俄国政治制度的演变问题日益引起学术界的注意，作为封建专制制度的总代表沙皇为什么走上立宪道路又在多大程度上接受立宪制度以及当时俄国社会制度的性质等问题正引起学者们的关注。以新公布的材料，选择一个新的研究视角，我们可以看出，从沙皇颁布的一系改革文件中，最具有代表性的六部法律文件，反映了俄国社会政治制度演交的轨迹。其结论是，沙皇接受立宪完全是形势所逼，虽然俄国勉强地由封建专制体制转向二元君主立宪体制，但是沙皇仍然居于国家权利的主导地位；而俄国真正实现社会政治制度的交革。其途径只能是通过革命。
20세기초아국정치제도적연변문제일익인기학술계적주의，작위봉건전제제도적총대표사황위십요주상립헌도로우재다대정도상접수립헌제도이급당시아국사회제도적성질등문제정인기학자문적관주。이신공포적재료，선택일개신적연구시각，아문가이간출，종사황반포적일계개혁문건중，최구유대표성적륙부법률문건，반영료아국사회정치제도연교적궤적。기결론시，사황접수립헌완전시형세소핍，수연아국면강지유봉건전제체제전향이원군주립헌체제，단시사황잉연거우국가권리적주도지위；이아국진정실현사회정치제도적교혁。기도경지능시통과혁명。
The evolution of the Russian political system in the early twentieth century has inereasingly become an attractive attention in the academic field. As the chief representative of feudal system, why did Tsar take the road of constitution？ And how much extent＇did he accept the constitutional system？ All these issues including the nature of the then Russian social system are becoming the heated topics among the scholars at home and abroad. Based on the newly published materials and a new perspective, we can find that the most representative six law documents from a series of reform documents promulgated by Tsar reflect the track of the evolution in the Russian social and political system. The conclusion is that Tsar was obliged to accept the constitutional system owing to the requirement of the situation then. Although Russia was reluctant to change its system from the former feudal system to the dual monarchy, Tsar still held the power of the nation. However, the only way to really change the Russian social and political system is through revolution.