CAJ | 학술논문

宋美龄是代表国民党蒋宋家族参与和平调解西安事变的主要人物之一。她秉持“和平与抗日”的原则．在南京竭力劝阻主战派对西安的讨伐，在洛阳敦促讨逆部队直接服从蒋介石的命令，从而将“讨逆”战争转化为不至于成为破坏和局的博弈举措。抵达西安后，她改变蒋介石不肯妥协的殉难心态．陪伴其度过从“剿共”到抗日的国策转变的心路历程。她和宋子文一起，代表蒋介石与周恩来谈判．达成全面停止内战、国共一致抗日的若干口头协议。她还凭借与张学良的多年交谊，以及张学良对她的抗日政见的敬重．在蒋介石坚持不签署书面承诺的情况下，成功说服张学良首先同意放蒋．从而使西安事变得到和平解决。这就从国民党开明高层的一方，为将西安事变建造成为中华民族摒弃前嫌、团结抗日的历史丰碑而“上梁盖顶”，其历史贡献弥足珍视。
송미령시대표국민당장송가족삼여화평조해서안사변적주요인물지일。저병지“화평여항일”적원칙．재남경갈력권조주전파대서안적토벌，재락양돈촉토역부대직접복종장개석적명령，종이장“토역”전쟁전화위불지우성위파배화국적박혁거조。저체서안후，저개변장개석불긍타협적순난심태．배반기도과종“초공”도항일적국책전변적심로역정。저화송자문일기，대표장개석여주은래담판．체성전면정지내전、국공일치항일적약간구두협의。저환빙차여장학량적다년교의，이급장학량대저적항일정견적경중．재장개석견지불첨서서면승낙적정황하，성공설복장학량수선동의방장．종이사서안사변득도화평해결。저취종국민당개명고층적일방，위장서안사변건조성위중화민족병기전혐、단결항일적역사봉비이“상량개정”，기역사공헌미족진시。
Soong May-ling acted as a key figure partaking in peaceful mediation of Xi＇an Incident, on behalf of the Chiang and Soong families of KMT. By adhering to the principle of ＂peace and resistance against Japanese invaders＂, she did her utmost to prevent the hawks from sending armed forces to suppress the Xi＇an Incident. She urged the expeditionary troops to take orders from Chiang Kai-shek directly, thus transforming ＂an expedition against rebels＂ into a countermeasure without unsettling peace. After her arrival in Xi＇an, she talked Chiang Kai-shek out of his uncompromising martyr-like state of mind, as an eyewitness of Chiang＇s position switching from ＂suppressing the CCP＂ to joint resistance against Japanese invaders. Together with Soong Tse- yen, she negotiated with Zhou Enlai on Chiang Kai-shek＇s behalf, during which KMT and CCP reached several oral agreements on an overall cessation of civil war and joint resistance against Japanese. Benefiting from her long-term friendship with Change and Chang＇s respect for her anti-Japanese position, she also persuaded Chang to release Chiang Kai-shek before Chiang signed any written commitment, thus contributing to a peaceful solution to the Xi＇an Incident. It was through contributions of KMT＇s enlightened top leadership that the Xi＇an Incident eventually turned into a historical moment of ＂beam up and roof on＂ when the Chinese people buried old grudges and formed a united front against Japanese invaders.