CAJ | 학술논문

詹姆逊所提出的“永远历史化”作为一个超历史的命令，本身又是一个历史行为，构成了一种述行的矛盾。詹姆逊及大多数文化左派所犯下的另一个错误在于，认为历史化具有激进的本质，在文学批评上主张让文本回归历史语境。事实上在这个问题上，左派与右派拥有同样的立场，两者的分歧不在于是否历史地解读文本，而是如何解读历史本身。对于马克思主义者来说，历史同时是关于文明和野蛮、解放和压迫的叙事，文学批评的任务就是对记录文明的史册进行X光检查，以便揭露其中野蛮的痕迹。正如本雅明所说的，历史在某种意义上是可以改变的，因为现在和将来都在一种全新的光线下对它加以改写。这同样适用于文学，批评在某种意义上成为作品的一部分，对作品不断地加以补充，并且这个过程是不会终止的，因为作品本质上是不完整的。
첨모손소제출적“영원역사화”작위일개초역사적명령，본신우시일개역사행위，구성료일충술행적모순。첨모손급대다수문화좌파소범하적령일개착오재우，인위역사화구유격진적본질，재문학비평상주장양문본회귀역사어경。사실상재저개문제상，좌파여우파옹유동양적립장，량자적분기불재우시부역사지해독문본，이시여하해독역사본신。대우마극사주의자래설，역사동시시관우문명화야만、해방화압박적서사，문학비평적임무취시대기록문명적사책진행X광검사，이편게로기중야만적흔적。정여본아명소설적，역사재모충의의상시가이개변적，인위현재화장래도재일충전신적광선하대타가이개사。저동양괄용우문학，비평재모충의의상성위작품적일부분，대작품불단지가이보충，병차저개과정시불회종지적，인위작품본질상시불완정적。
There is a performative contradiction in Fredric Jameson＇ s famous ＂Always historicise!＂ which is both a trans-historical imperative and a historical act. Another mistake that Jameson and most of the cultural left make is to imagine that there is something inherently radical about historicizing and returning literary texts to their historical contexts. In fact it is a position that the left share with the right; the quarrel between the two camps is not in the first place over whether to read historically, but over the way one reads history itself. For Marxists, history is a narrative of civilization and barbarism, emancipation and oppression at the same time. The task of literary criticism is to X-ray documents of civilization so as to reveal within them the traces of barbarism. As what Benjamin said, the past is in some sense alterable, as the present and the future come to rewrite it and cast it in a radically new light. This has an application to literary matters as well. Criticism is in one sense part of the work itself. The work is inherently incomplete and it is a never-ending process of supplementing it.