CAJ | 학술논문

西耶斯神甫是法国大革命最重要的领导人之一，对大革命的进程以及近代法国民主道路的选择产生了不可磨灭的影响。西耶斯的代议制理论及其政治实践体现了18世纪法国人对代议制理论认识的高度和限度。一方面，他把劳动分工原理引入政治领域，赋予代议制政府以一种不可辩驳的现代性；但在另一方面，他又无法摆脱卢梭人民主权学说的影响，主张建立一院制议会并赋予它以一种绝对的权力。西耶斯对代议制政府认识上的模棱两可，使之无法在人民主权和代议制之间建立一种恰当的平衡。这是革命者建立代议制政府失败的哲学根源，也是近代法国政治现代化不得不再三面对的困境。
서야사신보시법국대혁명최중요적령도인지일，대대혁명적진정이급근대법국민주도로적선택산생료불가마멸적영향。서야사적대의제이론급기정치실천체현료18세기법국인대대의제이론인식적고도화한도。일방면，타파노동분공원리인입정치영역，부여대의제정부이일충불가변박적현대성；단재령일방면，타우무법파탈로사인민주권학설적영향，주장건립일원제의회병부여타이일충절대적권력。서야사대대의제정부인식상적모릉량가，사지무법재인민주권화대의제지간건립일충흡당적평형。저시혁명자건립대의제정부실패적철학근원，야시근대법국정치현대화불득불재삼면대적곤경。
As one of the most important leaders during the French Revolution, L＇Abbé Sieyés has an indelible influence on the French revolutionary process and the French choice of its modern democratic model. His theory on the representative system （of government） and his political practice reflect the depth as well as limitations of the understanding of the 18th century French thinkers on the representative system. L＇Abbé Sieyés, on the one hand, gives the representative system an indisputable modernity by introducing the principle of division of labor into the domain of politics; on the other hand, he is still under the influence of Jean-Jacques Rousseau＇s doctrine of popular sovereignty, insisting on the establishment of one chamber legislature and endowing it with absolute power. His ambiguous attitude towards representative government makes it impossible for him to strike a balance between popular sovereignty and the representative system. This is the philosophical factor that can account for the French revolutionaries＇ failure in establishing a representative government; and this is also a dilemma the modern French political system is faced with.