CAJ | 학술논문

对低频振动，牵张应力，剪切应力，超声波，光、电刺激，药物刺激的成骨作用及其生物学机制和运动促进的成骨作用研究进展进行文献梳理。结果表明，低频振动，牵张应力，剪切应力，超声波，光、电刺激，药物刺激均可刺激成骨作用的发生和发展。其生物学机制主要通过骨组织感受力学刺激——应力敏感通道和整合素-细胞骨架结构完成。机械负荷可以激活细胞膜上Ca2＋通道引起胞外Ca2＋内流，并可促进胞内Ca2＋释放，从而促进骨的合成代谢作用。力学信号的转导过程包括力学偶联、生化偶联、信号转导和受体细胞应答等4个阶段。细胞因子和激素含量变化对胞内信号转导有重要影响，如OPG、TGF-β、IGF、甲状旁腺素（PTH）、雌激素、PGB等。运动可促进骨生长发育，但不同运动方式及其运动强度对骨促进作用是不同的；运动对老年骨质疏松症，特别是女性绝经期后因雌激素分泌减少导致骨丢失的防治起重要作用。
대저빈진동，견장응력，전절응력，초성파，광、전자격，약물자격적성골작용급기생물학궤제화운동촉진적성골작용연구진전진행문헌소리。결과표명，저빈진동，견장응력，전절응력，초성파，광、전자격，약물자격균가자격성골작용적발생화발전。기생물학궤제주요통과골조직감수역학자격——응력민감통도화정합소-세포골가결구완성。궤계부하가이격활세포막상Ca2＋통도인기포외Ca2＋내류，병가촉진포내Ca2＋석방，종이촉진골적합성대사작용。역학신호적전도과정포괄역학우련、생화우련、신호전도화수체세포응답등4개계단。세포인자화격소함량변화대포내신호전도유중요영향，여OPG、TGF-β、IGF、갑상방선소（PTH）、자격소、PGB등。운동가촉진골생장발육，단불동운동방식급기운동강도대골촉진작용시불동적；운동대노년골질소송증，특별시녀성절경기후인자격소분비감소도치골주실적방치기중요작용。
This paper makes discussion on the low-frequency vibration, distraction stress, shear stress, ultrasound, light, electrical stimulation and drugs to stimulate osteogenesis and biological mechanisms, and campaigns to promote osteogenetic effect of the progress made in the literature carding. The results showed that low-frequency vibration, distraction stress, shear stress, ultrasound, light, electrical stimulation, the drug can stimulate osteogensis to stimulate role of the occurrence and development. The biological mechanisms through bone tissue mechanics feel the main way to stimulate the stress-sensitive channels and integrin - cytoskeleton structure completed. Mechanical load on the membrane can be activated Ca2＋ channel from extracellular Ca2＋ influx, and the promotion of intracellular Ca2＋ release, thereby contributing to the synthesis of bone metabolism. Mechanical signal transduction process includes mechanical coupling, chemical and biological coupling, and signal transduction receptor cell responses, such as four stages. Cytokines and hormone content in the intracellular signal transduction pathway has im- portant implications. Such as OPG, TGF-β, IGF, parathyroid hormone （PTH）, estrogen, such as PGE2. Exercise can promote bone growth and development, but a different way and the movement campaign to promote the role of bone strength is different; campaign osteoporosis in the elderly, especially women after menopause due to reduced estrogen secretion lead to the prevention and treatment of bone loss also play an important role.