CAJ | 학술논문

知识与发散思维之间存在密切的关系。研究抽取小学四年级到高三397名学生，采用言语和图形任务探讨知识经验对发散思维的影响，以及两类任务条件下发散思维的年级和性别差异。结果显示：学生的知识水平对两类任务条件下发散思维产生不同的影响作用，知识经验与发散思维呈现倒U型变化关系；研究只在言语任务条件下发现小学四年级创造力低谷；两类任务条件下发散思维呈现出不同的发展趋势，言语任务条件下，发散思维随着年级的升高呈现出曲线上升的趋势，而在图形任务条件下，发散思维呈现随年级升高先上升后下降的趋势；两类任务条件下都发现发散思维存在性别差异，但是不同任务条件下性别差异存在维度上差异性；女生在发散思维某些方面好于男生。
지식여발산사유지간존재밀절적관계。연구추취소학사년급도고삼397명학생，채용언어화도형임무탐토지식경험대발산사유적영향，이급량류임무조건하발산사유적년급화성별차이。결과현시：학생적지식수평대량류임무조건하발산사유산생불동적영향작용，지식경험여발산사유정현도U형변화관계；연구지재언어임무조건하발현소학사년급창조력저곡；량류임무조건하발산사유정현출불동적발전추세，언어임무조건하，발산사유수착년급적승고정현출곡선상승적추세，이재도형임무조건하，발산사유정현수년급승고선상승후하강적추세；량류임무조건하도발현발산사유존재성별차이，단시불동임무조건하성별차이존재유도상차이성；녀생재발산사유모사방면호우남생。
This study investigated 397 students from elementary school 4th rgaders to senior high school 3rd graders to explor the correlation of knowledge and divergent thinking, and the grade and sex differences in divergent thinking in different kinds of tasks. The findings indicated that students＇ knowledge influenced divergent thinking in verbal and figural tasks differently. The relationship between knowledge and divergent thinking showed an inverted U curvilinear shape. It was only in verbal tasks that fourth-grade slump was found, but in figural tasks no slump was detected. Furthermore, divergent thinking showed different developmental tendencies and gender differences in both verbal and figural tasks. The scores of girls＇ divergent thinking were better than boys＇.