心理发展与教育
心理髮展與教育
심리발전여교육
Psychological Development and Education
2009年
1期
27~33
,共null页
孙昕怡 陈璟 李红 李秀丽
孫昕怡 陳璟 李紅 李秀麗
손흔이 진경 리홍 리수려
合作指数 描述方式 囚徒困境博弈 儿童 合作性
閤作指數 描述方式 囚徒睏境博弈 兒童 閤作性
합작지수 묘술방식 수도곤경박혁 인동 합작성
cooperation index; description type ; Prisoner' s Dilemma game ; children ; coopertaion
本研究采用囚徒困境任务,考察了91名10-12岁儿童和101名成人在博弈决策中合作行为的特点。并分别考察合作指数和描述方式这两个变量对个体合作性的影响。结果表明:(1)描述方式对儿童的合作行为有显著影响,表现为“回避”描述中较之“趋向”描述有更多合作行为,而描述方式对成人则无影响。(2)儿童对合作指数不敏感,平均合作率显著高于成人,表现出合作倾向;成人平均合作率随合作指数的升高而升高,但始终处于几率水平之下,表现出竞争倾向。
本研究採用囚徒睏境任務,攷察瞭91名10-12歲兒童和101名成人在博弈決策中閤作行為的特點。併分彆攷察閤作指數和描述方式這兩箇變量對箇體閤作性的影響。結果錶明:(1)描述方式對兒童的閤作行為有顯著影響,錶現為“迴避”描述中較之“趨嚮”描述有更多閤作行為,而描述方式對成人則無影響。(2)兒童對閤作指數不敏感,平均閤作率顯著高于成人,錶現齣閤作傾嚮;成人平均閤作率隨閤作指數的升高而升高,但始終處于幾率水平之下,錶現齣競爭傾嚮。
본연구채용수도곤경임무,고찰료91명10-12세인동화101명성인재박혁결책중합작행위적특점。병분별고찰합작지수화묘술방식저량개변량대개체합작성적영향。결과표명:(1)묘술방식대인동적합작행위유현저영향,표현위“회피”묘술중교지“추향”묘술유경다합작행위,이묘술방식대성인칙무영향。(2)인동대합작지수불민감,평균합작솔현저고우성인,표현출합작경향;성인평균합작솔수합작지수적승고이승고,단시종처우궤솔수평지하,표현출경쟁경향。
Using the Prisoner's Dilemma task to research the impact of cooperation Index and the description of matrix on coopertation of the Prisoner's Dilemma. Subjects were 91 children and 101 adults. The results show that: (1) there are more cooperation in the conditon of "avoidance" description than in "approach" type, and no impact of the description type of matrix on adult. (2) Children were not sensitive with the index of cooperation, and the average cooperation ratio was significantly higher than adults', and showed cooperation tendency. The average cooperation ratio of adult increased with the cooperation of the index increased, but always below 0.5, and showed competition tendency.