CAJ | 학술논문

新中国成立六十年来，中国城市就业体制发生过从市场到国有计划，再到市场的波动转型。但每次转型都围绕着工业化和后工业化的路径展开。在劳动力人口的供给压力之下，虽然不同阶段解决就业问题的约束条件不同，但对农村就业人口的进入限制，都无一例外地被保留了。直到21世纪，在市场逐渐打破户籍制度的原有逻辑之后，城市才向农村就业人口开放了较大的择职空间，并将传统社会主义时期的“统包统分”制化约为就业市场制。但城市内部劳动力市场的分割状况尚需时日整合，城市化不足仍然困扰着当前大学生的就业。
신중국성립륙십년래，중국성시취업체제발생과종시장도국유계화，재도시장적파동전형。단매차전형도위요착공업화화후공업화적로경전개。재노동력인구적공급압력지하，수연불동계단해결취업문제적약속조건불동，단대농촌취업인구적진입한제，도무일예외지피보류료。직도21세기，재시장축점타파호적제도적원유라집지후，성시재향농촌취업인구개방료교대적택직공간，병장전통사회주의시기적“통포통분”제화약위취업시장제。단성시내부노동력시장적분할상황상수시일정합，성시화불족잉연곤우착당전대학생적취업。
In the past 60 years since the founding of People＇s Republic of China, China＇s urban employment changes from market to planning and thence market. However, every transition concerns industrialization and post industrialization. In spite of different conditions in each transition, peasants are forbidden to look for work in the city. In the 21st century, market has beyond census register system and thus peasants begin to go into the city and employment market appears. The urban labor market needs integration and less urbanization makes university students difficult to find work.