CAJ | 학술논문

民族地区是我国重要生态功能区，实施生态补偿是保障民族地区生态建设的关键。自1999年国家实施退耕还林等生态补偿政策试点以来，民族地区退耕还林取得了显著成效。但仍然面临补助年限偏短、补偿标准偏低、组织考核以及配套政策问题。因此，本文建议：促进民族地区主体功能区建设，实行分类管理，建立生态补偿长效机制；完善退耕还林补偿政策，实施盯位粮价的浮动补贴机制；在直接补偿的基础上，转向以可持续能力补偿为主；除了国家补偿外，还应对民族地区生态建设实行区域之间、流域之间生态补偿。
민족지구시아국중요생태공능구，실시생태보상시보장민족지구생태건설적관건。자1999년국가실시퇴경환림등생태보상정책시점이래，민족지구퇴경환림취득료현저성효。단잉연면림보조년한편단、보상표준편저、조직고핵이급배투정책문제。인차，본문건의：촉진민족지구주체공능구건설，실행분류관리，건립생태보상장효궤제；완선퇴경환림보상정책，실시정위량개적부동보첩궤제；재직접보상적기출상，전향이가지속능력보상위주；제료국가보상외，환응대민족지구생태건설실행구역지간、류역지간생태보상。
The ethnic area are important ecologically functional regions in our country, and the implementation of ecological compensation plays a key role in protecting the ecological construction in the ethnic areas. These regions have made remarkable achievements in Conversion of Farmland to Forests since the pilot ecological compensation policies were executed by the government in 1999. However, the short-life grant, low compensation standards, organizational assessment, as well as supportive policy issues are the problems still remained in these regions. Therefore, suggestions in this essay are： Promoting the construction of mainly functional regions in the ethnic areas, implementing classified management, establishing a long-term effective mechanism of ecological compensation; Improving the compensation policy of Conversion of Farmland to Forests, implementing the floating subsidy mechanism of focusing on the price of grain; shifting to sustainability-based compensation on the basis of direct compensation; providing ecological compensation among regions, river basins for ecological construction of the ethnic areas besides the national compensation.